Medical and Biomedical Researches

Thoracic epidural catheterization leading to delayed transient neurological symptoms with normal ima

June 29th, 2008
Thoracic epidural catheterization leading to delayed transient neurological symptoms with normal imaging findings. Paraparesis after epidural catheterization is rare but may be multifactorial. We report a case of temporary paraparesis in a 32-year-old female patient after thoracic epidural catheterization performed analgesia. A 16 G epidural needle ...

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Low dose of lidocaine: comparison of 15 with 20 mg/ml with dextrose for spinal anesthesia in lithoto

June 29th, 2008
Low dose of lidocaine: comparison of 15 with 20 mg/ml with dextrose for spinal anesthesia in lithotomy position and ambulatory surgery. BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia with the local anesthetic lidocaine has come under scrutiny because it is associated with transient neurologic symptoms (TNS). Although TNS is not ...

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Tryptase levels after suxamethonium administration and defibrillation.

June 29th, 2008
Tryptase levels after suxamethonium administration and defibrillation. BACKGROUND: A more than threefold increase in tryptase, when comparing with the control sample, strengthens the diagnosis of anaphylaxis. Trauma, coronary ischaemia and non-IgE-mediated reactions to several medications have been shown to cause more than threefold rise in tryptase ...

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Left molar approach improves laryngeal view in patients with simulated limitation of cervical moveme

June 29th, 2008
Left molar approach improves laryngeal view in patients with simulated limitation of cervical movements. BACKGROUND: Immobilized cervical spine, because of either diseases or stabilizing devices, poses considerable difficulties with endotracheal intubation due to poor laryngoscopic view. The left molar (LM) approach has been shown to be ...

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Physiological effects of a lung-recruiting strategy applied during one-lung ventilation.

June 29th, 2008
Physiological effects of a lung-recruiting strategy applied during one-lung ventilation. BACKGROUND: One-lung ventilation (OLV) affects respiratory mechanics and ventilation/perfusion matching, reducing functional residual capacity of the ventilated lung. While the application of a lung-recruiting manoeuvre (RM) on the ventilated lung has been shown to improve oxygenation, ...

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Characteristics and long-term outcome of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseas

June 29th, 2008
Characteristics and long-term outcome of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an analysis of cases in the Swedish Intensive Care Registry during 2002-2006. BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a major and growing health problem. The purpose of this work was to examine characteristics, ...

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Preferences for colloid use in Scandinavian intensive care units.

June 29th, 2008
Preferences for colloid use in Scandinavian intensive care units. BACKGROUND: Fluid resuscitation is a frequent intervention in intensive care. Colloids are widely used, but recent data suggest harm by some of these solutions. This calls for more clinical studies on this matter, but the current preferences ...

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Photo methods for qualitative research in nursing: an ontological and epistemological perspective.

June 29th, 2008
Photo methods for qualitative research in nursing: an ontological and epistemological perspective. The use of photo research methods is influenced by underlying ontological and epistemological assumptions. Variant assumptions about reality and knowledge converge to conceive a relationship between the knower and what can be known. These ...

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Occupational distress in nursing: a psychoanalytic reading of the literature.

June 29th, 2008
Occupational distress in nursing: a psychoanalytic reading of the literature. Occupational stress in nursing has attracted considerable attention as a focus for research and as a consequence multiple objects of nurses\' stress, or \'stressors\', have been identified. This paper puts into question the dominant conceptual and ...

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Nursing concept analysis in North America: state of the art.

June 29th, 2008
Nursing concept analysis in North America: state of the art. The strength of a discipline is reflected in the development of a set of concepts relevant to its practice domain. As an evolving professional discipline, nursing requires further development in this respect. Over the past two ...

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Critical realism: a philosophical framework for the study of gender and mental health.

June 29th, 2008
Critical realism: a philosophical framework for the study of gender and mental health. This paper explores gender and mental health with particular reference to the emerging philosophical field of critical realism. This philosophy suggests a shared ontology and epistemology for the natural and social sciences. Until ...

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The role of theory-constitutive metaphor in nursing science.

June 29th, 2008
The role of theory-constitutive metaphor in nursing science. The current view of theoretical statements in science is that they should be literal and precise; ambiguous and metaphorical statements are useful only as pre-theoretical, exegetical, and heuristic devices and as pedagogical tools. In this paper we argue ...

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The Gillies anaesthetic machine.

June 29th, 2008
The Gillies anaesthetic machine. The Gillies anaesthetic machine was produced commercially after 1941. It was probably the first British true circle apparatus. Notably it incorporated a vaporiser inside the circle. There were serial modifications culminating in the Mark III apparatus of 1951, which continued in use ...

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Pre-emptive Novalung-assisted carbon dioxide removal in a patient with chest, head and abdominal inj

June 29th, 2008
Pre-emptive Novalung-assisted carbon dioxide removal in a patient with chest, head and abdominal injury. A young man sustained traumatic lung, head and abdominal injuries. Despite mechanical ventilation, deteriorating respiratory function resulted in severe hypoxia and hypercapnia, with high P(a)co(2) compounding an already raised intracranial pressure (ICP). ...

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Panton-Valentine Leukocidin associated with community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus

June 29th, 2008
Panton-Valentine Leukocidin associated with community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a case report and review of interim guidelines. We report a case of community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. The causative organism was positive for the toxin Panton-Valentine Leukocidin. This resulted in a severe pneumonia ...

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A quantitative review and meta-analysis of performance of non-standard laryngoscopes and rigid fibre

June 29th, 2008
A quantitative review and meta-analysis of performance of non-standard laryngoscopes and rigid fibreoptic intubation aids. This quantitative review summarises studies of rigid fibreoptic laryngoscopy systems. In 6622 \'normal\' patients only the Bonfils and CTrach had homogenous data and first time intubation success rates above 90%. In ...

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Laryngeal mask airway and tracheal tube cuff pressures in children: are clinical endpoints valuable

June 29th, 2008
Laryngeal mask airway and tracheal tube cuff pressures in children: are clinical endpoints valuable for guiding inflation? We prospectively assessed common clinical endpoints for their usefulness in avoiding hyperinflation of the cuffs of laryngeal mask airways (slight outward movement) and tracheal tubes (disappearance of an audible ...

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Comparison of fibreoptic-guided intubation through ILMA versus intubation through LMA-CTrach.

June 29th, 2008
Comparison of fibreoptic-guided intubation through ILMA versus intubation through LMA-CTrach. We compared the time taken to intubate the trachea of a manikin by fibreoptic-guided intubation through an intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA-FOS) with intubation through a laryngeal mask airway CTrach (LMA-CTrach). Forty-two anaesthetists participated in this ...

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Medication-related patient safety incidents in critical care: a review of reports to the UK National

June 29th, 2008
Medication-related patient safety incidents in critical care: a review of reports to the UK National Patient Safety Agency. We reviewed all patient safety incidents reported to the UK National Patient Safety Agency between 1st August 2006 and 28th February 2007 from intensive care or high dependency ...

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Effect of magnesium sulphate on urinary catecholamine excretion in severe tetanus.

June 29th, 2008
Effect of magnesium sulphate on urinary catecholamine excretion in severe tetanus. Severe tetanus is characterised by muscle spasms and autonomic dysfunction. We recently reported the results of a randomised placebo controlled trial of magnesium sulphate infusions for the treatment of severe tetanus which showed magnesium was ...

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Lessons learnt in the pharmacokinetic analysis of the effect of haemoperfusion for acute overdose wi

June 29th, 2008
Lessons learnt in the pharmacokinetic analysis of the effect of haemoperfusion for acute overdose with sustained-release diltiazem. The effect of charcoal haemoperfusion on the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem is described in a patient with severe clinical toxicity following acute overdose. The patient presented within 3 h following ...

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Predicting adverse outcomes of cardiac surgery with the application of artificial neural networks.

June 29th, 2008
Predicting adverse outcomes of cardiac surgery with the application of artificial neural networks. Risk-stratification models based on pre-operative patient and disease characteristics are useful for providing individual patients with an insight into the potential risk of complications and mortality, for aiding the clinical decision for surgery ...

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The effect of mannitol on renal function after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with established r

June 29th, 2008
The effect of mannitol on renal function after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with established renal dysfunction. The usefulness of mannitol in the priming fluid for cardiopulmonary bypass is uncertain in patients with normal renal function, and has not been studied in patients with established renal dysfunction. ...

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Hair in psoriasis: a prospective, blinded scanning electron microscopic study.

June 29th, 2008
Hair in psoriasis: a prospective, blinded scanning electron microscopic study. We examined hairs from psoriatic plaques by scanning electron microscopy, and compared the morphological changes in the hairs with those from the corresponding nonlesional skin of the same patients and those from healthy subjects, in a ...

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Lymphocyte proliferation testing in chromium allergic contact dermatitis.

June 29th, 2008
Lymphocyte proliferation testing in chromium allergic contact dermatitis. Background. Lymphocyte proliferation testing (LPT) has some advantages over patch testing to diagnose allergic contact dermatitis. It is harmless, objective and can be used in clinical situations where patch testing is not recommended. Unfortunately, significant success has only ...

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