Medical and Biomedical Researches

Maternal common mental disorder and infant growth–a cross-sectional study from Malawi.

June 29th, 2008
Maternal common mental disorder and infant growth--a cross-sectional study from Malawi. The objective of the study was to investigate the association between maternal common mental disorder (CMD) and infant growth in rural Malawi. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a district hospital child health clinic. Participants ...

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Newborn care practices in Pemba Island (Tanzania) and their implications for newborn health and surv

June 29th, 2008
Newborn care practices in Pemba Island (Tanzania) and their implications for newborn health and survival. Newborn mortality accounts for about one-third of deaths in children under five. Neglecting this problem may undermine the fourth Millennium Development Goal of reducing child mortality by two-thirds by 2015. This ...

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Determinants of termination of breastfeeding within the first 2 years of life in India: evidence fro

June 29th, 2008
Determinants of termination of breastfeeding within the first 2 years of life in India: evidence from the National Family Health Survey-2. The present study assesses socio-demographic and health service determinants of termination of breastfeeding within the first 2 years of life in India by analysing data ...

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Exploring the barriers to exclusive breastfeeding in black and minority ethnic groups and young moth

June 29th, 2008
Exploring the barriers to exclusive breastfeeding in black and minority ethnic groups and young mothers in the UK. UK health policy for many years has been to increase rates of breastfeeding because of the health benefits conferred on mothers and babies. World Health Organization recommends that ...

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Maternal obesity and initiation and duration of breastfeeding: data from the longitudinal study of A

June 29th, 2008
Maternal obesity and initiation and duration of breastfeeding: data from the longitudinal study of Australian children. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the lower rate of breastfeeding at 6 months by overweight and obese mothers is primarily due to these women giving up ...

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Objective social outcomes index (SIX): a method to summarise objective indicators of social outcomes

June 29th, 2008
Objective social outcomes index (SIX): a method to summarise objective indicators of social outcomes in mental health care. OBJECTIVE: No method has yet been established to summarise different objective indicators of social outcomes into one score. The study aimed to develop and test a simple, brief ...

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Correlates of subjective and objective burden among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder.

June 29th, 2008
Correlates of subjective and objective burden among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between mood symptoms and episodes in patients with bipolar disorder and burden reported by their primary caregivers. METHOD: Data on subjective and objective burden reported by 500 primary ...

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Sequences of emotions in patients with borderline personality disorder.

June 29th, 2008
Sequences of emotions in patients with borderline personality disorder. OBJECTIVE: To investigate sequences of emotions (temporal dependence of emotions) to identify specific patterns of borderline personality disorder (BPD). METHOD: The perceived emotions of 50 BPD patients and 50 healthy controls (HC) were monitored by using a ...

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Screening for the metabolic syndrome in community psychiatric patients prescribed antipsychotics: a

June 29th, 2008
Screening for the metabolic syndrome in community psychiatric patients prescribed antipsychotics: a quality improvement programme. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate a quality improvement programme designed to increase screening for the metabolic syndrome in community psychiatric patients prescribed antipsychotics. METHOD: Baseline audit against evidence-based standards, followed ...

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Body mass index and prevalence of obesity in a French cohort of patients with schizophrenia.

June 29th, 2008
Body mass index and prevalence of obesity in a French cohort of patients with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distributions of body mass index in a large sample of patients with schizophrenia, and to examine the association between body weight and antipsychotic drugs. METHOD: The data ...

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EFNS guideline on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis: report of an EFNS Task

June 29th, 2008
EFNS guideline on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis: report of an EFNS Task Force on acute bacterial meningitis in older children and adults. Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is a potentially life-threatening neurological emergency. An agreed protocol for early, evidence-based and effective management of community-acquired ABM ...

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Levodopa/DDCI and entacapone is the preferred treatment for Parkinson’s disease patients with motor

June 29th, 2008
Levodopa/DDCI and entacapone is the preferred treatment for Parkinson\'s disease patients with motor fluctuations in routine practice: a retrospective, observational analysis of a large French cohort. Levodopa is the gold standard drug for the symptomatic control of Parkinson\'s disease (PD). However, long-term treatment with conventional formulations ...

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Relationship of Porphyromonas gingivalis with glycemic level in patients with type 2 diabetes follow

June 29th, 2008
Relationship of Porphyromonas gingivalis with glycemic level in patients with type 2 diabetes following periodontal treatment. INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serum glycemic levels and subgingival microbial profile alteration following periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ...

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The predominant cultivable Veillonella spp. of the tongue of healthy adults identified using rpoB se

June 29th, 2008
The predominant cultivable Veillonella spp. of the tongue of healthy adults identified using rpoB sequencing. The predominant Veillonella spp. were isolated from the dorsum surface of the tongues of 11 healthy adults and identified to species level using rpoB sequencing because 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis ...

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Probiotic bacteria affect the composition of salivary pellicle and streptococcal adhesion in vitro.

June 29th, 2008
Probiotic bacteria affect the composition of salivary pellicle and streptococcal adhesion in vitro. INTRODUCTION: The use of probiotic bacteria is increasing worldwide and at least some of them can transiently colonize the oral cavity. Several studies have shown that probiotic bacteria, which are often thought of ...

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Analysis of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid suggests importan

June 29th, 2008
Analysis of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid suggests importance of cathelicidin LL-37 in the innate immune response against periodontogenic bacteria. INTRODUCTION: During periodontitis, an innate immune response to bacterial challenge is primarily mediated by neutrophils. We compared neutrophilic content and the level of neutrophil-derived ...

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CCL20 production is induced in human dental pulp upon stimulation by Streptococcus mutans and proinf

June 29th, 2008
CCL20 production is induced in human dental pulp upon stimulation by Streptococcus mutans and proinflammatory cytokines. INTRODUCTION: Pulpitis is characterized by the marked infiltration of inflammatory cells in response to an invasion of caries-related bacteria. It is well known that chemokines regulate the trafficking of lymphocytes, ...

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Regulation of urease expression of Actinomyces naeslundii in biofilms in response to pH and carbohyd

June 29th, 2008
Regulation of urease expression of Actinomyces naeslundii in biofilms in response to pH and carbohydrate. INTRODUCTION: The hydrolysis of urea by the urease enzymes of oral bacteria is believed to have a major impact on oral microbial ecology and to be intimately involved in oral health ...

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Expression patterns of genes induced by oxidative stress in Porphyromonas gingivalis.

June 29th, 2008
Expression patterns of genes induced by oxidative stress in Porphyromonas gingivalis. INTRODUCTION: Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, is a major periopathogen whose transmission from host to host involves exposure to atmospheric oxygen. P. gingivalis contains genetic factors that function in an oxidative stress response, but ...

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Differential expression of Toll-like receptors in chronic hyperplastic candidosis.

June 29th, 2008
Differential expression of Toll-like receptors in chronic hyperplastic candidosis. INTRODUCTION: The first step in the host defense against oral candidosis is the recognition of Candida albicans through a set of germ-encoded pathogen recognition receptors, e.g. Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In man, 10 types of such receptors have ...

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Profiling of inflammatory cytokines produced by gingival fibroblasts after human cytomegalovirus inf

June 29th, 2008
Profiling of inflammatory cytokines produced by gingival fibroblasts after human cytomegalovirus infection. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of inflammatory cytokines that are produced after in vitro infection of gingival fibroblasts with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gingival fibroblasts were ...

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Comparative analysis of endodontic pathogens using checkerboard hybridization in relation to culture

June 29th, 2008
Comparative analysis of endodontic pathogens using checkerboard hybridization in relation to culture. BACKGROUND/AIM: The purpose of this study was to detect bacterial species and to quantify the total number of bacteria from samples of infected root canals before (S1) and after chemo-mechanical preparation using 2% chlorhexidine ...

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Molecular analysis of the root canal microbiota associated with endodontic treatment failures.

June 29th, 2008
Molecular analysis of the root canal microbiota associated with endodontic treatment failures. INTRODUCTION: The failure of endodontic treatment is usually caused by persistent/secondary intraradicular infections and Enterococcus faecalis has been considered to be the main pathogen involved. Nevertheless, the breadth of bacterial diversity involved with endodontic ...

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Human papillomavirus as a risk factor in oral carcinogenesis: a study using in situ hybridization wi

June 29th, 2008
Human papillomavirus as a risk factor in oral carcinogenesis: a study using in situ hybridization with signal amplification. INTRODUCTION: It is still controversial whether human papillomavirus (HPV) can be considered a risk factor in oral carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to detect HPV DNA ...

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Molecular interactions of alanine-rich and proline-rich regions of cell surface protein antigen c in

June 29th, 2008
Molecular interactions of alanine-rich and proline-rich regions of cell surface protein antigen c in Streptococcus mutans. INTRODUCTION: Streptococcus mutans has been implicated as a primary causative agent of dental caries in humans, and its cell surface protein antigen c (PAc) is known to be associated with ...

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