Medical and Biomedical Researches

Ethics and forensic psychiatry: translating principles into practice.

June 29th, 2008
Ethics and forensic psychiatry: translating principles into practice. Twenty-five years ago, Alan Stone expressed his skepticism that forensic psychiatry could be practiced ethically. His remarks have proven a useful goad to the field, focusing attention on the importance of an ethics framework for forensic practice. But ...

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Alan stone and the ethics of forensic psychiatry: an overview.

June 29th, 2008
Alan stone and the ethics of forensic psychiatry: an overview. In 1982, Alan Stone presented a keynote speech at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law (AAPL) on the ethics of forensic psychiatry. That speech was sharply critical of the prevailing ...

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Commentary: mapping a changing landscape in the ethics of forensic psychiatry.

June 29th, 2008
Commentary: mapping a changing landscape in the ethics of forensic psychiatry. In 1984, Alan Stone, writing in the Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, stated that \"forensic psychiatrists are without any clear guidelines as to what is proper and ethical,\" adding that ...

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Commentary: is ethical forensic psychiatry an oxymoron?

June 29th, 2008
Commentary: is ethical forensic psychiatry an oxymoron? The role of psychiatry in the legal arena is grossly misunderstood and even controversial. Some respected psychiatrists and members of the public have argued that the current state of the science of psychiatry is such that it has little ...

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Commentary: 1982 Was AAPL’s Year of Living Dangerously.

June 29th, 2008
Commentary: 1982 Was AAPL\'s Year of Living Dangerously. In 1982, the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law (AAPL) was a growing and ambitious professional organization. Its membership was a small but vigorous group united by the desire to develop the emerging psychiatric subspecialty of forensic ...

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Beyond transcription factors: The role of chromatin modifying enzymes in regulating transcription re

June 29th, 2008
Beyond transcription factors: The role of chromatin modifying enzymes in regulating transcription required for memory. One of the alluring aspects of examining chromatin modifications in the role of modulating transcription required for long-term memory processes is that these modifications may provide transient and potentially stable epigenetic ...

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Comparative genome analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis PT4 and Salmonella Gallinarum 287/91 provides

June 29th, 2008
Comparative genome analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis PT4 and Salmonella Gallinarum 287/91 provides insights into evolutionary and host adaptation pathways. We have determined the complete genome sequences of a host-promiscuous Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis PT4 isolate P125109 and a chicken restricted Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum isolate 287/91. ...

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Accelerated sequence divergence of conserved genomic elements in Drosophila melanogaster.

June 29th, 2008
Accelerated sequence divergence of conserved genomic elements in Drosophila melanogaster. Recent genomic sequencing of 10 additional Drosophila genomes provides a rich resource for comparative genomics analyses aimed at understanding the similarities and differences between species and between Drosophila and mammals. Using a phylogenetic approach, we identified ...

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Central pontine myelinolysis complicating treatment of the hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state.

June 29th, 2008
Central pontine myelinolysis complicating treatment of the hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state. Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is well recognized to occur in a variety of clinical settings, but particularly following rapid correction of severe hyponatraemia. The development of CPM as a result of rapid shifts in plasma osmolality ...

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The effect of plasmapheresis on the concentration of certain plasma proteins: a case identified by a

June 29th, 2008
The effect of plasmapheresis on the concentration of certain plasma proteins: a case identified by an inaccurate LDL-cholesterol estimation. A 35-year-old man was found to have a negative LDL-cholesterol concentration (-0.05 mmol/L) when estimated on a fasting plasma sample using the Friedewald equation. Plasma urea, electrolytes ...

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Copper deficiency: an unusual case of myelopathy with neuropathy.

June 29th, 2008
Copper deficiency: an unusual case of myelopathy with neuropathy. Copper deficiency is an unusual but potentially treatable cause of myelopathy. It should be considered in patients with poor nutrition or a history of gastrointestinal surgery. We report the case of an 82-year-old man who presented with ...

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Immunoglobulin G paraprotein cross-reactivity with immunoglobulin M measurement.

June 29th, 2008
Immunoglobulin G paraprotein cross-reactivity with immunoglobulin M measurement. We report a case of IgG paraprotein cross-reactivity with IgM measurement in a patient with IgGkappa multiple myeloma and associated IgA and IgM immune paresis. IgM measurements using a Beckman-Coulter Synchron LX IgM reagent initially gave unmeasurably low ...

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Plasma insulin concentrations during a hyperinsulinaemic clamp: what do we measure?

June 29th, 2008
Plasma insulin concentrations during a hyperinsulinaemic clamp: what do we measure? BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to compare the performance of three commonly used insulin assays with respect to the detection of exogenous human and porcine insulin added to human or rat plasma. METHODS: ...

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Can plasma ammonia be measured in patients with acute liver disease?

June 29th, 2008
Can plasma ammonia be measured in patients with acute liver disease? BACKGROUND: Plasma ammonia (PA) measurement is of key importance in the diagnosis and monitoring of some inherited metabolic disorders and to monitor subsequent treatment of hyperammonaemia. METHODS: Over a six-month period, patients\' ammonia concentrations were ...

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Clinical impact of variability in HbA1c as assessed by simultaneously measuring fructosamine and use

June 29th, 2008
Clinical impact of variability in HbA1c as assessed by simultaneously measuring fructosamine and use of error grid analysis. BACKGROUND: Haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) is the only measure of glycaemic control used for many patients with diabetes, but it has limitations and might sometimes be misleading. HbA(1c) concentrations ...

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Does HbA1C predict isolated impaired fasting glycaemia in the oral glucose tolerance test in subject

June 29th, 2008
Does HbA1C predict isolated impaired fasting glycaemia in the oral glucose tolerance test in subjects with impaired fasting glycaemia? BACKGROUND: To assess the usefulness of erythrocyte glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1C)) as a screening tool to identify those subjects with impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) who do not have ...

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Detection of citrullinated proteins in synovial fluids derived from patients with rheumatoid arthrit

June 29th, 2008
Detection of citrullinated proteins in synovial fluids derived from patients with rheumatoid arthritis by proteomics-based analysis. BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory joint disease. The aetiology of RA remains unknown, but autoimmune responses are considered to play an important role in the disease ...

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Protein S-100 is present in extracerebral fluids before and after cardiac surgery in children.

June 29th, 2008
Protein S-100 is present in extracerebral fluids before and after cardiac surgery in children. BACKGROUND: Protein S-100 is found in extracerebral sources. The aim of our study was to examine the content of protein S-100 in native pericardial fluid as well as in postoperative extracerebral fluids ...

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Discrepancies between qualitative and quantitative analysis of cerebrospinal fluid IgG: densitometri

June 29th, 2008
Discrepancies between qualitative and quantitative analysis of cerebrospinal fluid IgG: densitometric comparison of nephelometry-silver versus immuno-enzymes. BACKGROUND: Detection of local synthesis of IgG within the central nervous system is important for the diagnosis of brain inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis. This is typically done by ...

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Plasma lipoprotein {beta}-amyloid in subjects with Alzheimer’s disease or mild cognitive impairment

June 29th, 2008
Plasma lipoprotein {beta}-amyloid in subjects with Alzheimer\'s disease or mild cognitive impairment. BACKGROUND: Plasma amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) can compromise the blood-brain barrier, contributing to cerebrovascular alterations and amyloid angiopathy in Alzheimer\'s disease (AD). The objectives of this study were to investigate the distribution of lipoprotein-bound plasma-Abeta ...

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The diagnostic value of serum and urinary NT-proBNP for heart failure.

June 29th, 2008
The diagnostic value of serum and urinary NT-proBNP for heart failure. BACKGROUND: Serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the amino-terminal cleavage product of the prohormone (NT-proBNP) have been shown to be valuable parameters for the diagnosis of heart failure (HF) in the general population. Urinary BNP ...

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Measurement of urinary free cortisol by tandem mass spectrometry and comparison with results obtaine

June 29th, 2008
Measurement of urinary free cortisol by tandem mass spectrometry and comparison with results obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and two commercial immunoassays. BACKGROUND: Determination of urinary free cortisol (UFC) is an important adjunct for the assessment of adrenal function. In this study, we have analysed cortisol ...

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Stability of common biochemical analytes in serum gel tubes subjected to various storage temperature

June 29th, 2008
Stability of common biochemical analytes in serum gel tubes subjected to various storage temperatures and times pre-centrifugation. BACKGROUND: Blood samples collected in rural and remote areas of Australasia are often exposed to a range of environmental conditions prior to analysis in a laboratory. The aim of ...

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The association of advanced glycation end-products with glutathione status.

June 29th, 2008
The association of advanced glycation end-products with glutathione status. BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate oxidative stress with regard to the concentrations of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), pentosidine, glycated albumin, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione ...

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Measurement of plasma lysophosphatidic acid concentration in healthy subjects: strong correlation wi

June 29th, 2008
Measurement of plasma lysophosphatidic acid concentration in healthy subjects: strong correlation with lysophospholipase D activity. BACKGROUND: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plays important roles in a variety of biological responses, especially in the area of vascular biology, and the determination of its plasma concentration is believed to be ...

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