Medical and Biomedical Researches

Chemotaxis in microfluidic devices-a study of flow effects.

June 29th, 2008
Chemotaxis in microfluidic devices-a study of flow effects. The use of microfluidic devices has become increasingly popular in the study of chemotaxis due to the exceptional control of flow properties and concentration profiles on the length scale of individual cells. In these applications, it is often ...

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Lateral-driven continuous dielectrophoretic microseparators for blood cells suspended in a highly co

June 29th, 2008
Lateral-driven continuous dielectrophoretic microseparators for blood cells suspended in a highly conductive medium. This paper presents lateral-driven continuous dielectrophoretic (DEP) microseparators for separating red and white blood cells suspended in highly conductive dilute whole blood. The continuous microseparators enable the separation of blood cells based on ...

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Electrically controlled microvalves to integrate microchip polymerase chain reaction and capillary e

June 29th, 2008
Electrically controlled microvalves to integrate microchip polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis. Microvalves are key in realizing portable miniaturized diagnostic platforms. We present a scalable microvalve that integrates well with standard lab on a chip (LOC) implementations, yet which requires essentially no external infrastructure for its ...

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Analyzing cell mechanics in hematologic diseases with microfluidic biophysical flow cytometry.

June 29th, 2008
Analyzing cell mechanics in hematologic diseases with microfluidic biophysical flow cytometry. Pathological processes in hematologic diseases originate at the single-cell level, often making measurements on individual cells more clinically relevant than population averages from bulk analysis. For this reason, flow cytometry has been an effective tool ...

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Stop-flow lithography to generate cell-laden microgel particles.

June 29th, 2008
Stop-flow lithography to generate cell-laden microgel particles. Encapsulating cells within hydrogels is important for generating three-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs for drug delivery and tissue engineering. This paper describes, for the first time, the fabrication of large numbers of cell-laden microgel particles using a continuous microfluidic process ...

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Microfluidic add-on for standard electrophysiology chambers.

June 29th, 2008
Microfluidic add-on for standard electrophysiology chambers. We have developed a microfluidic brain slice device (muBSD) that marries an off-the shelf brain slice perfusion chamber with an array of microfluidic channels set into the bottom surface of the chamber substrate. As this device is created through rapid ...

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Microfabrication of an asymmetric, multi-layered microdevice for controlled release of orally delive

June 29th, 2008
Microfabrication of an asymmetric, multi-layered microdevice for controlled release of orally delivered therapeutics. The creation of an oral drug delivery platform to administer chemotherapeutic agents effectively can not only increase patient compliance, but also potentially diminish drug toxicity. A microfabricated device offers advantages over conventional drug ...

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‘Living cantilever arrays’ for characterization of mass of single live cells in fluids.

June 29th, 2008
\'Living cantilever arrays\' for characterization of mass of single live cells in fluids. The size of a cell is a fundamental physiological property and is closely regulated by various environmental and genetic factors. Optical or confocal microscopy can be used to measure the dimensions of adherent ...

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Continuous molecular enrichment in microfluidic systems.

June 29th, 2008
Continuous molecular enrichment in microfluidic systems. Highly efficient molecular extractions in continuous flow microfluidic systems are demonstrated utilising the rapid mixing properties of biphasic segmented flow in conjunction with suspended micro-particulate adsorbents. A continuous flow technique providing potential for continual on-line sample enrichment, purification and clean-up ...

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A refillable microfabricated drug delivery device for treatment of ocular diseases.

June 29th, 2008
A refillable microfabricated drug delivery device for treatment of ocular diseases. An implantable manually-actuated microfabricated drug delivery device was demonstrated as a new approach for delivering therapeutic compounds to ocular tissue in acute in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies. Lo R, Li PY, Saati S, ...

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Monolithic photolithographically patterned Fluorocurtrade mark PFPE membrane valves and pumps for in

June 29th, 2008
Monolithic photolithographically patterned Fluorocurtrade mark PFPE membrane valves and pumps for in situ planetary exploration. Photolithographically defined monolithic membrane valves utilizing Fluorocurtrade mark perfluoropolyether (PFPE) were fabricated and characterized to be essentially unaltered after one million actuations and exposure to the environmental stresses associated with in ...

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Cell research with physically modified microfluidic channels: A review.

June 29th, 2008
Cell research with physically modified microfluidic channels: A review. An overview of the use of physically modified microfluidic channels towards cell research is presented. The physical modification can be realized either by combining embedded physical micro/nanostructures or a topographically patterned substrate at the micro- or nanoscale ...

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Predictors of Homelessness Among Street Living Youth.

June 29th, 2008
Predictors of Homelessness Among Street Living Youth. While few studies have identified predictors of exiting homelessness among adults, even fewer studies have attempted to identify these predictors among homeless youth. The current study explored predictors of change in homelessness among 180 homeless youth between the ages ...

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Improved synthesis of DCDHF fluorophores with maleimide functional groups.

June 29th, 2008
Improved synthesis of DCDHF fluorophores with maleimide functional groups. A group of dicyanodihydrofuran (DCDHF) fluorophores with thiol-reactive maleimide functionality has been synthesized. One of the methods involves aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction between an arylfluoride containing DCDHF and an amine containing protected maleimide. An alternative and generally ...

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Structured measurement error in nutritional epidemiology: applications in the Pregnancy, Infection,

June 29th, 2008
Structured measurement error in nutritional epidemiology: applications in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition (PIN) Study. Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 completed weeks\' gestation, is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Identifying factors related to preterm delivery is an important goal of public ...

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A diffusion model explanation of the worst performance rule for reaction time and IQ.

June 29th, 2008
A diffusion model explanation of the worst performance rule for reaction time and IQ. The worst performance rule for cognitive tasks [Coyle, T.R. (2003). IQ, the worst performance rule, and Spearman\'s law: A reanalysis and extension. Intelligence, 31, 567-587] in which reaction time is measured is ...

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How to open and sustain a drop-in center for homeless youth.

June 29th, 2008
How to open and sustain a drop-in center for homeless youth. Drop-in centers have the potential to facilitate engagement of homeless youth into treatment and back into the mainstream. However, little guidance was found in the literature regarding how to open and sustain a drop-in center ...

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The influence of partner-specific memory associations on language production: Evidence from picture

June 29th, 2008
The influence of partner-specific memory associations on language production: Evidence from picture naming. In typical interactions, speakers frequently produce utterances that appear to reflect beliefs about the common ground shared with particular addressees. Horton and Gerrig (2005a) proposed that one important basis for audience design is ...

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What Holds Back the Second Generation? The Intergenerational Transmission of Language Human Capital

June 29th, 2008
What Holds Back the Second Generation? The Intergenerational Transmission of Language Human Capital Among Immigrants. In 2000 Census microdata, various outcomes of second-generation immigrants are related to their parents\' age at arrival to the United States, and in particular whether that age fell within the \"critical ...

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Model-Based Estimates of HIV Acquisition Due to Prison Rape.

June 29th, 2008
Model-Based Estimates of HIV Acquisition Due to Prison Rape. Nearly 1.4 million men are incarcerated in federal and state prisons in the United States. These men are disproportionately affected by HIV in comparison with the at-large male population. The elevated prevalence of HIV infection in U.S. ...

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HIV, STD, and Sexual Risk Reduction for Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness: Review of the Inte

June 29th, 2008
HIV, STD, and Sexual Risk Reduction for Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness: Review of the Intervention Literature. Seroprevalence studies indicate that HIV infection rates are elevated among individuals with a severe mental illness (SMI) compared to the general population. The higher prevalence of HIV among ...

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The Neurally Controlled Animat: Biological Brains Acting with Simulated Bodies.

June 29th, 2008
The Neurally Controlled Animat: Biological Brains Acting with Simulated Bodies. The brain is perhaps the most advanced and robust computation system known. We are creating a method to study how information is processed and encoded in living cultured neuronal networks by interfacing them to a computer-generated ...

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Willingness to Use a Nursing Home: A Study of Korean American Elders.

June 29th, 2008
Willingness to Use a Nursing Home: A Study of Korean American Elders. This study explored predictors of willingness to use a nursing home in Korean American elders. Andersen\'s behavioral health model was adapted with predisposing factors (age, gender, education, length of residence in the United States), ...

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The Unconscious Mind.

June 29th, 2008
The Unconscious Mind. The unconscious mind is still viewed by many psychological scientists as the shadow of a \"real\" conscious mind, though there now exists substantial evidence that the unconscious is not identifiably less flexible, complex, controlling, deliberative, or action-oriented than is its counterpart. This \"conscious-centric\" ...

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Kinetic Selectivity of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Bearing Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbenes.

June 29th, 2008
Kinetic Selectivity of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Bearing Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbenes. The evaluation of ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts 4-6 bearing cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs) in the cross-metathesis of cis-1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene (7) with allylbenzene (8) and the ethenolysis of methyl oleate (11) is reported. Relative to most NHC-substituted complexes, CAAC-substituted catalysts ...

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