Medical and Biomedical Researches

UV-LED photopolymerised monoliths.

June 27th, 2008
UV-LED photopolymerised monoliths. For the first time photopolymerisation of polymer monoliths has been realised with UV-light emitting diodes (LEDs) as light source and demonstrated with polymethacrylate monoliths created in fused silica capillaries and plastic chips. Abele S, Nie FQ, Foret F, Paull B, Macka M. ...

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Cantilever biosensors.

June 27th, 2008
Cantilever biosensors. This review will provide a general introduction to the field of cantilever biosensors by discussing the basic principles and the basic technical background necessary to understand and evaluate this class of sensors. Microfabricated cantilever sensors respond to changes in their environment or changes on ...

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Nucleic acid biosensors for environmental pollution monitoring.

June 27th, 2008
Nucleic acid biosensors for environmental pollution monitoring. Nucleic acid-based biosensors are finding increasing use for the detection of environmental pollution and toxicity. A biosensor is defined as a compact analytical device incorporating a biological or biologically-derived sensing element either integrated within or intimately associated with a ...

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The use of nanoparticles in anti-microbial materials and their characterization.

June 27th, 2008
The use of nanoparticles in anti-microbial materials and their characterization. Anti-microbial materials have multiple applications in medicine, industry and commercial products. Recent research has proposed the use of nanoparticles in a range of materials, as some metal nanoparticles are known to possess antibacterial properties. The development ...

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The M235T polymorphism in the AGT gene and CHD risk: evidence of a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium violat

June 27th, 2008
The M235T polymorphism in the AGT gene and CHD risk: evidence of a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium violation and publication bias in a meta-analysis. BACKGROUND: The M235T polymorphism in the AGT gene has been related to an increased risk of hypertension. This finding may also suggest an increased ...

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A cytosine methyltransferase homologue is essential for sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans.

June 27th, 2008
A cytosine methyltransferase homologue is essential for sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans. BACKGROUND: The genome defense processes RIP (repeat-induced point mutation) in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, and MIP (methylation induced premeiotically) in the fungus Ascobolus immersus depend on proteins with DNA methyltransferase (DMT) domains. Nevertheless, ...

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A vaccine against nicotine for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial.

June 27th, 2008
A vaccine against nicotine for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. BACKGROUND: Tobacco dependence is the leading cause of preventable death and disabilities worldwide and nicotine is the main substance responsible for the addiction to tobacco. A vaccine against nicotine was tested in a 6-month randomized, ...

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Statin induced myopathy and myalgia: time trend analysis and comparison of risk associated with stat

June 27th, 2008
Statin induced myopathy and myalgia: time trend analysis and comparison of risk associated with statin class from 1991-2006. BACKGROUND: Statins are widely used as a cholesterol lowering medication, reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in high risk patients; and only rarely cause serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs). ...

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Overexpression of the mitochondrial T3 receptor p43 induces a shift in skeletal muscle fiber types.

June 27th, 2008
Overexpression of the mitochondrial T3 receptor p43 induces a shift in skeletal muscle fiber types. In previous studies, we have characterized a new hormonal pathway involving a mitochondrial T3 receptor (p43) acting as a mitochondrial transcription factor and consequently stimulating mitochondrial activity and mitochondrial biogenesis. We ...

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An open label, randomised trial of artesunate+amodiaquine, artesunate+chlorproguanil-dapsone and art

June 27th, 2008
An open label, randomised trial of artesunate+amodiaquine, artesunate+chlorproguanil-dapsone and artemether-lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. BACKGROUND: Artesunate+amodiaquine (AS+AQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) are now the most frequently recommended first line treatments for uncomplicated malaria in Africa. Artesunate+chlorproguanil-dapsone (AS+CD) was a potential alternative for treatment of uncomplicated ...

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A dual origin of the Xist gene from a protein-coding gene and a set of transposable elements.

June 27th, 2008
A dual origin of the Xist gene from a protein-coding gene and a set of transposable elements. X-chromosome inactivation, which occurs in female eutherian mammals is controlled by a complex X-linked locus termed the X-inactivation center (XIC). Previously it was proposed that genes of the XIC ...

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TSP-1 secreted by bone marrow stromal cells contributes to retinal ganglion cell neurite outgrowth a

June 27th, 2008
TSP-1 secreted by bone marrow stromal cells contributes to retinal ganglion cell neurite outgrowth and survival. BACKGROUND: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are pluripotent and thereby a potential candidate for cell replacement therapy for central nervous system degenerative disorders and traumatic injury. However, the mechanism of ...

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Consequences of cold-ischemia time on primary nonfunction and patient and graft survival in liver tr

June 27th, 2008
Consequences of cold-ischemia time on primary nonfunction and patient and graft survival in liver transplantation: a meta-analysis. INTRODUCTION: The ability to preserve organs prior to transplant is essential to the organ allocation process. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to describe the functional relationship between ...

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Mesenchymal stem cells in early entry of breast cancer into bone marrow.

June 27th, 2008
Mesenchymal stem cells in early entry of breast cancer into bone marrow. BACKGROUND: An understanding of BC cell (BCC) entry into bone marrow (BM) at low tumor burden is limited when compared to highly metastatic events during heavy tumor burden. BCCs can achieve quiescence, without interfering ...

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Neglected infections of poverty in the United States of america.

June 27th, 2008
Neglected infections of poverty in the United States of america. In the United States, there is a largely hidden burden of diseases caused by a group of chronic and debilitating parasitic, bacterial, and congenital infections known as the neglected infections of poverty. Like their neglected tropical ...

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Inverse correlation of population similarity and introduction date for invasive ascidians.

June 27th, 2008
Inverse correlation of population similarity and introduction date for invasive ascidians. The genomes of many marine invertebrates, including the purple sea urchin and the solitary ascidians Ciona intestinalis and Ciona savignyi, show exceptionally high levels of heterozygosity, implying that these populations are highly polymorphic. Analysis of ...

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Enhanced Caenorhabditis elegans locomotion in a structured microfluidic environment.

June 27th, 2008
Enhanced Caenorhabditis elegans locomotion in a structured microfluidic environment. BACKGROUND: Behavioral studies of Caenorhabditis elegans traditionally are done on the smooth surface of agar plates, but the natural habitat of C. elegans and other nematodes is the soil, a complex and structured environment. In order to ...

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Human umbilical cord blood treatment in a mouse model of ALS: optimization of cell dose.

June 27th, 2008
Human umbilical cord blood treatment in a mouse model of ALS: optimization of cell dose. BACKGROUND: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a multicausal disease characterized by motor neuron degeneration in the spinal cord and brain. Cell therapy may be a promising new treatment for this devastating ...

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Gating at the mouth of the acetylcholine receptor channel: energetic consequences of mutations in th

June 27th, 2008
Gating at the mouth of the acetylcholine receptor channel: energetic consequences of mutations in the alphaM2-cap. Gating of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors from a C(losed) to an O(pen) conformation is the initial event in the postsynaptic signaling cascade at the vertebrate nerve-muscle junction. Studies of receptor structure ...

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The role of superior temporal cortex in auditory timing.

June 27th, 2008
The role of superior temporal cortex in auditory timing. Recently, there has been upsurge of interest in the neural mechanisms of time perception. A central question is whether the representation of time is distributed over brain regions as a function of stimulus modality, task and length ...

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Association between LTA, TNF and AGER polymorphisms and late diabetic complications.

June 27th, 2008
Association between LTA, TNF and AGER polymorphisms and late diabetic complications. BACKGROUND: Several candidate genes on the short arm of chromosome 6 including the HLA locus, TNF, LTA and AGER could be associated with late diabetic complications. The aim of our study was therefore to explore ...

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Engineering of a genetically encodable fluorescent voltage sensor exploiting fast Ci-VSP voltage-sen

June 27th, 2008
Engineering of a genetically encodable fluorescent voltage sensor exploiting fast Ci-VSP voltage-sensing movements. Ci-VSP contains a voltage-sensing domain (VSD) homologous to that of voltage-gated potassium channels. Using charge displacement (\'gating\' current) measurements we show that voltage-sensing movements of this VSD can occur within 1 ms in ...

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The prehistory of potyviruses: their initial radiation was during the dawn of agriculture.

June 27th, 2008
The prehistory of potyviruses: their initial radiation was during the dawn of agriculture. BACKGROUND: Potyviruses are found world wide, are spread by probing aphids and cause considerable crop damage. Potyvirus is one of the two largest plant virus genera and contains about 15% of all named ...

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A Francisella tularensis Schu S4 purine auxotroph is highly attenuated in mice but offers limited pr

June 27th, 2008
A Francisella tularensis Schu S4 purine auxotroph is highly attenuated in mice but offers limited protection against homologous intranasal challenge. BACKGROUND: Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative coccobacillus that causes the febrile illness tularemia. Subspecies that are pathogenic for humans include those comprising the type A (subspecies ...

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Left hemisphere specialization for oro-facial movements of learned vocal signals by captive chimpanz

June 27th, 2008
Left hemisphere specialization for oro-facial movements of learned vocal signals by captive chimpanzees. BACKGROUND: The left hemisphere of the human brain is dominant in the production of speech and signed language. Whether similar lateralization of function for communicative signal production is present in other primates remains ...

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