Medical and Biomedical Researches

Intrinsic bioremediation of gas condensate hydrocarbons : Results of over two years of ground water

June 27th, 2008
Intrinsic bioremediation of gas condensate hydrocarbons : Results of over two years of ground water and soil core analysis and monitoring. Condensate liquids have been found to contaminate soil and ground water at two gas production sites in the Denver Basin operated by Amoco Production Co. ...

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Development of a membrane-based vapor-phase bioreactor.

June 27th, 2008
Development of a membrane-based vapor-phase bioreactor. A vapor-phase bioreactor has been developed utilizing porous metal membranes in a cylindrical design employing radial flow as opposed to traditional axial flow for the vapor stream. The system was evaluated for the biodegradation ofp-xylene (p-xylene) from a water-saturated air ...

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Spatial and temporal variations of microbial properties at different scales in shallow subsurface se

June 27th, 2008
Spatial and temporal variations of microbial properties at different scales in shallow subsurface sediments. Microbial abundance, activity, and community-level physiological profiles (CLPP) were examined at centimeter and meter scales in the subsurface environment at a site near Oyster, VA. At the centimeter scale, variations in aerobic ...

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Retaining and recovering enzyme activity during degradation of TCE by methanotrophs.

June 27th, 2008
Retaining and recovering enzyme activity during degradation of TCE by methanotrophs. To determine if compounds added during trichloroethylene (TCE) degradation could reduce the loss of enzyme activity or increase enzyme recovery, different compounds serving as energy and carbon sources, pH buffers, or free radical scavengers were ...

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Relating ground water and sediment chemistry to microbial characterization at a BTEX-contaminated si

June 27th, 2008
Relating ground water and sediment chemistry to microbial characterization at a BTEX-contaminated site. The National Center for Manufacturing Science is investigating bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon at a site near Belleville, MI. As part of this study, we examined the microbial communities to help elucidate biodegradative processes ...

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Pilot-scale bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.

June 27th, 2008
Pilot-scale bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils. The Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) conducted a pilot-scale study at a former manufactured gas plant (MGP) site in New Jersey. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of an innovative chemical/biological treatment process (MGP-REM process) to remediate ...

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Observations of metabolite formation and variable yield in thiodiglycol biodegradation process : Imp

June 27th, 2008
Observations of metabolite formation and variable yield in thiodiglycol biodegradation process : Impact on reactor design. The complete microbial degradation of thiodiglycol (TDG), the primary hydrolysis product of sulfur mustard, byAlcaligenes xylosoxydans ssp.xylosoxydans (SH91) was accomplished in laboratory-scale stirredtank reactors. An Andrews substrate inhibition model was ...

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Adsorption of heavy metal ions by immobilized phytic acid.

June 27th, 2008
Adsorption of heavy metal ions by immobilized phytic acid. Phytic acid (myoinositol hexaphosphate) or its calcium salt, phytate, is an important plant constituent. It accounts for up to 85% of total phosphorus in cereals and legumes. Phytic acid has 12 replaceable protons in the phytic molecule, ...

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The potential for intrinsic bioremediation of BTEX hydrocarbons in soil/ground water contaminated wi

June 27th, 2008
The potential for intrinsic bioremediation of BTEX hydrocarbons in soil/ground water contaminated with gas condensate. Gas condensate liquids contaminate soil and ground water at two gas production sites in the Denver Basin, CO. A detailed field study was carried out at these sites to determine the ...

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The degradation of L-tyrosine to phenol and benzoate in pig manure : The role of 4-hydroxy-benzoate.

June 27th, 2008
The degradation of L-tyrosine to phenol and benzoate in pig manure : The role of 4-hydroxy-benzoate. The formation of odorous compounds in piggery wastes was investigated. Phenol andpara-cresol are generally encountered in these typically anaerobic environments. They are produced from L-tyrosine by microbial metabolism. Phenol is ...

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A preliminary cost analysis of the biotreatment of refinery spent-sulfidic caustic.

June 27th, 2008
A preliminary cost analysis of the biotreatment of refinery spent-sulfidic caustic. Caustics are used in petroleum refining to remove hydrogen sulfide from various hydrocarbon streams. Spent-sulfidic caustics from three refineries have been successfully biotreated on the bench and pilot scale, resulting in neutralization and removal of ...

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A biological process for the reclamation of flue gas desulfurization gypsum using mixed sulfate-redu

June 27th, 2008
A biological process for the reclamation of flue gas desulfurization gypsum using mixed sulfate-reducing bacteria with inexpensive carbon sources. A combined chemical and biological process for the recycling of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum into calcium carbonate and elemental sulfur is demonstrated. In this process, a ...

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Hydrodynamic characteristics in aerobic biofilm reactor treating high-strength trade effluent.

June 27th, 2008
Hydrodynamic characteristics in aerobic biofilm reactor treating high-strength trade effluent. Four 3-L aerobic biofilm reactors (ABRI, 2, 3, and 4) treating a highstrength food-processing waste water (10 g chemical oxygen demand [COD]/L) were subject to reactor liquor recirculation rates of 1, 3,15, and 30 L/h, respectively. ...

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An optical resolution of racemic organophosphorous esters by phosphotriesterase-catalyzing hydrolysi

June 27th, 2008
An optical resolution of racemic organophosphorous esters by phosphotriesterase-catalyzing hydrolysis. CONCLUSION: We have shown that PTE chiral recognition is limited to organophosphorous esters having the chiral center on the phosphorous atoms, which is attacked with nucleophile, not having the chiral center on the other atoms of ...

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Principles for efficient utilization of light for mass production of photoautotrophic microorganisms

June 27th, 2008
Principles for efficient utilization of light for mass production of photoautotrophic microorganisms. Outdoor production of microalgae could be set on a sound industrial basis if solar energy were utilized at a much higher efficiency than presently obtained. Many types of photobioreactors have been developed in the ...

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Effect of surfactants on carbon monoxide fermentations byButyribacterium methylotrophicum.

June 27th, 2008
Effect of surfactants on carbon monoxide fermentations byButyribacterium methylotrophicum. Butyribacterium methylotrophicum has been grown on carbon monoxide as its carbon and energy source in the presence of various surfactants that are capable of forming microbubble dispersions for the screening of surfactants for use in microbubble-sparged synthesis ...

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Coupling of waste water treatment with storage polymer production.

June 27th, 2008
Coupling of waste water treatment with storage polymer production. Storage polymers in bacterial cells can be extracted and used as biodegradable thermoplastics. However, widespread applications have been limited by high production costs. In this study, activated sludge bacteria in a conventional waste water treatment system were ...

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Session 4 industrial needs for commercialization A review of techno-economic modeling methodology fo

June 27th, 2008
Session 4 industrial needs for commercialization A review of techno-economic modeling methodology for a wood-to-ethanol process. Techno-economic modeling has been a valuable tool in directing and assessing the research and development efforts for biomass-to-ethanol processes. In developing a techno-economic model of a \"generic\" wood-to-ethanol process, we ...

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Net present value analysis to select public r&d programs and valuate expected private sector par

June 27th, 2008
Net present value analysis to select public r&d programs and valuate expected private sector participation. One of the main functions of government is to invest taxpayer dollars in projects, programs, and properties that will result in social benefit. Public programs focused on the development of technology ...

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Use of a new membrane-reactor saccharification assay to evaluate the performance of celluloses under

June 27th, 2008
Use of a new membrane-reactor saccharification assay to evaluate the performance of celluloses under simulated ssf conditions : Effect on enzyme quality of growing trichoderma reesci. in the presence of targeted lignocellulosic substrate. A new saccharification assay has been devised, in which a continuously buffer-swept membrane ...

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Spiral tubular bioreactors for hydrogen production by photosynthetic microorganisms : Design and ope

June 27th, 2008
Spiral tubular bioreactors for hydrogen production by photosynthetic microorganisms : Design and operation. Spiral tubular bioreactors were constructed out of transparent PVC tubing for H2 production applications. Both a cyanobacterialAnabaena variabilis mutant that lacks uptake hydrogenase activity and the photosynthetic bacteriumRhodobacter sp. CBS were tested in ...

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Production of succinic acid by anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens.

June 27th, 2008
Production of succinic acid by anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens. The effect of an external supply of carbon dioxide and pH on the production of succinic acid byAnaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens was studied. In a rich medium containing yeast extract and peptone, when the external carbon dioxide supply was provided by ...

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Maximizing the xylitol production from sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate by controlling the aeration ra

June 27th, 2008
Maximizing the xylitol production from sugar cane bagasse hydrolysate by controlling the aeration rate. Batch fermentations of sugar cane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate treated for removing the inhibitors of the fermentation were performed byCandida guilliermondii FTI20037 for xylitol production. The fermentative parameters agitation and aeration rate were ...

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Fumaric acid production in airlift loop reactor with porous sparger.

June 27th, 2008
Fumaric acid production in airlift loop reactor with porous sparger. Airlift loop reactors with porous spargers were investigated and used in the process of fumaric acid production byRhizopus oryzae ATCC 20344. In order to enhance oxygen mass transfer, which is very important for organic acid production, ...

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Modeling fixed and fluidized reactors for cassava starch saccharification with immobilized enzyme.

June 27th, 2008
Modeling fixed and fluidized reactors for cassava starch saccharification with immobilized enzyme. Cassava starch saccharification in fixed-and fluidized-bed reactors using immobilized enzyme was modeled in a previous paper using a simple model in which all dextrins were grouped in a single substrate. In that case, although ...

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