Medical and Biomedical Researches

Adsorption of enzymes on krill chitin modified with carbon disulfide.

June 27th, 2008
Adsorption of enzymes on krill chitin modified with carbon disulfide. Krill chitin modified with carbon disulfide was used as a support of enzymes. The dithiocarbamino groups created after reaction of CS(2) with chitinous NH(2) can participate in binding the enzymes without denaturation and loss in activity. ...

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The dehydration of fermentative 2,3-butanediol into methyl ethyl ketone.

June 27th, 2008
The dehydration of fermentative 2,3-butanediol into methyl ethyl ketone. A solid acid catalyst consisted of sulfonic groups covalently bound to an inorganic matrice was developed to dehydrate 2,3-butanediol into methyl ethyl ketone. Rate constant and apparent activation energy of the dehydration reaction were determined. The decay ...

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Evaluation of bisubstrate secondary utilization kinetics by biofilms.

June 27th, 2008
Evaluation of bisubstrate secondary utilization kinetics by biofilms. A bisubstrate system having S(s1) > S(min 1) was tested with phenol and acetate as model compounds in completely mixed biofilm reactors. Two series of experiments compared the kinetics of phenol removal as a single substrate and as ...

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The effect of pH and lactose concentration on solvent production from whey permeate using Clostridiu

June 27th, 2008
The effect of pH and lactose concentration on solvent production from whey permeate using Clostridium acetobutylicum. A study was performed to optimize the production of solvents from whey permeate in batch fermentation using Clostridium acetobutylicum P262. Fermentations performed at relatively low pH values resulted in high ...

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Simulations of host-plasmid interactions in Escherichia coli: Copy number, promoter strength, and ri

June 27th, 2008
Simulations of host-plasmid interactions in Escherichia coli: Copy number, promoter strength, and ribosome binding site strength effects on metabolic activity and plasmid gene expression. A mechanistically detailed single-cell model E. coli B/r-A was adapted to simulate the effects of vector presence on cell metabolism. Competition for ...

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Energetic analysis of the growth of Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus A2 in hydrogen-limited continuou

June 27th, 2008
Energetic analysis of the growth of Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus A2 in hydrogen-limited continuous cultures. Hydrogen-limited chemostat cultures of Methanobrevibacter arboriphilus A2 were carried out. The available electron balance and carbon balance in M. arboriphilus A2 and other methanogenic strains grown on various substrates were well satisfied. This ...

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Steroid conversions by Flavobacterium dehydrogenans in two-liquid-phase systems.

June 27th, 2008
Steroid conversions by Flavobacterium dehydrogenans in two-liquid-phase systems. The production of 4-androstene-3, 17-dione by Flavobacterium dehydrogenans from androstenolone-acetate in octane/culture (v/v = 1:1) two-liquid phase systems was compared with the conversion rate in a Tween-containing medium commonly used in industry, and in a culture where no ...

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Citric acid production using immobilized conidia of Aspergillus niger TMB 2022.

June 27th, 2008
Citric acid production using immobilized conidia of Aspergillus niger TMB 2022. Conidia of Aspergillus niger TMB 2022 were immobilized in calcium alginate for the production of citric acid. A 1-mL conidia suspension containing ca. 2.32 x 10(8) conidia were entrapped into sodium alginate solution in order ...

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Reactivity of Ammonia Ligands of the Antitumor Agent Cisplatin: A Unique Dodecanuclear Pt(4),Pd(4),A

June 27th, 2008
Reactivity of Ammonia Ligands of the Antitumor Agent Cisplatin: A Unique Dodecanuclear Pt(4),Pd(4),Ag(4) Platform for Four Cytosine Model Nucleobases. The reaction of a potential mono(nucleobase) model adduct of cisplatin, cis-[Pt(NH(3))(2)(1-MeC-N3)(H(2)O)](2+) (6; 1-MeC: 1-methylcytosine), with the electrophile [Pd(en)(H(2)O)(2)](2+) (en: ethylenediamine) at pH approximately 6 yields a kinetic ...

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Fluorescent Hydrophobic Zippers inside Duplex DNA: Interstrand Stacking of Perylene-3,4:9,10-tetraca

June 27th, 2008
Fluorescent Hydrophobic Zippers inside Duplex DNA: Interstrand Stacking of Perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic Acid Bisimides as Artificial DNA Base Dyes. Perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid bisimides (PBs) were incorporated synthetically into oligonucleotides by using automated DNA building-block chemistry. The 2\'-deoxyribofuranoside of the natural nucleosides was replaced by (S)-aminopropan-2,3-diol as an acyclic linker ...

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Preparation of 2,4-Disubstituted Cyclopentenones by Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkyl

June 27th, 2008
Preparation of 2,4-Disubstituted Cyclopentenones by Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation: Synthesis of 2\'-Methylcarbovir and TEI-9826. A broadly applicable synthesis of chiral 2- or 2,4-substituted cyclopent-2-enones has been developed by combining asymmetric iridium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reactions and ruthenium-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis. Enantiomeric excesses (ee values) in the range of ...

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“Click Chemistry” in Zeolites: Copper(I) Zeolites as New Heterogeneous and Ligand-Free Catalysts f

June 27th, 2008
\"Click Chemistry\" in Zeolites: Copper(I) Zeolites as New Heterogeneous and Ligand-Free Catalysts for the Huisgen [3+2] Cycloaddition. For the first time, copper(I)-exchanged zeolites were developed as catalysts in organic synthesis. These solid materials proved to be versatile and efficient heterogeneous, ligand-free catalytic systems for the Huisgen ...

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New Insights on the Mechanism of the Transition-Metal Stereoselective Olefin Cyclopropanation.

June 27th, 2008
New Insights on the Mechanism of the Transition-Metal Stereoselective Olefin Cyclopropanation. We have carried out a theoretical analysis of the intermolecular cyclopropanation of propargylic esters with alkenes. DFT calculations allow us to propose a reaction mechanism, and provide explanations for the reasons behind the difference between ...

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Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Chroman, Dihydrobenzofuran, Dihydroindole, and Tetrahydroquinoline Deriv

June 27th, 2008
Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Chroman, Dihydrobenzofuran, Dihydroindole, and Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives. Different furans containing an ynamide or alkynyl ether moiety in the side chain were prepared. The gold-catalyzed transformation of these compounds delivered dihydroindole, dihydrobenzofuran, chroman, and tetrahydroquinoline derivatives at room temperature through very fast reactions. Furthermore, the ...

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Recent advances in the analysis of biological particles by capillary electrophoresis.

June 27th, 2008
Recent advances in the analysis of biological particles by capillary electrophoresis. This review covers research papers published in the years 2005-2007 that describe the application of capillary electrophoresis to the analysis of biological particles such as whole cells, subcellular organelles, viruses and microorganisms. Kostal V, Arriaga EA. ...

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Highly sensitive double-fluorescent dye staining on microchip electrophoresis for analysis of milk p

June 27th, 2008
Highly sensitive double-fluorescent dye staining on microchip electrophoresis for analysis of milk proteins. We demonstrated a highly sensitive double-fluorescent dye staining in microchip electrophoresis (ME) for analysis of milk proteins. The detection sensitivity of ME was very limited so far and needed improvement. Our staining method ...

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The use of cationic surfactants and ionic liquids in the detection of microbial contamination by cap

June 27th, 2008
The use of cationic surfactants and ionic liquids in the detection of microbial contamination by capillary electrophoresis. A rapid test of whether a laboratory sample contains any microorganisms is important and necessary for many areas of science and technology. Currently, most of the standard procedures for ...

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Fragmentation of Carbohydrate Anomeric Alkoxyl Radicals: New Synthesis of Chiral 1-Fluoro-1-halo-1-i

June 27th, 2008
Fragmentation of Carbohydrate Anomeric Alkoxyl Radicals: New Synthesis of Chiral 1-Fluoro-1-halo-1-iodoalditols. A new general methodology for the synthesis of 1,1,1-trihaloalditols by starting from 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-hex-1-enitol derivatives (glycals) is described. The halogens are introduced sequentially in each of the three different steps of the process. The fluorine is ...

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Visible-Light Photochromism of Triarylamine- or Ferrocene-Bound Diethynylethenes that Switches Elect

June 27th, 2008
Visible-Light Photochromism of Triarylamine- or Ferrocene-Bound Diethynylethenes that Switches Electronic Communication between Redox Sites and Luminescence. Redox-active ferrocene- and triarylamine-terminated diethynylethene derivatives have been synthesized and their photochromic properties and switching behavior based on through-bond electronic communication between the two redox sites, as well as their ...

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Mechanical Reinforcement of a Supramolecular Hydrogel Comprising an Artificial Glyco-Lipid through S

June 27th, 2008
Mechanical Reinforcement of a Supramolecular Hydrogel Comprising an Artificial Glyco-Lipid through Supramolecular Copolymerization. Supramolecular copolymer hydrogels were prepared by mixing 1 and the additives 2-8, and their rheological properties were evaluated. It was found that additive 3 reinforced the mechanical strength of the resultant hydrogel most ...

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Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols with Bifunctional Transition-Metal Catalysts Bearing C-N Chelate Ligan

June 27th, 2008
Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols with Bifunctional Transition-Metal Catalysts Bearing C-N Chelate Ligands. The aerobic oxidation of alcohols with a family of bifunctional Ir, Rh, and Ru complexes bearing C-N chelating ligands derived from primary benzylic amines was investigated. The isolable amido-Ir complexes [Cp*Ir{kappa(2)(N,C)-(NHCR(2)-2-C(6)H(4))}] (R=C(6)H(5), CH(3); Cp*=1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) ...

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Thorpe-Ingold Effect on the Helicity of Chiral Alternating Silylene-Divinylarene Copolymers.

June 27th, 2008
Thorpe-Ingold Effect on the Helicity of Chiral Alternating Silylene-Divinylarene Copolymers. The concept of the Thorpe-Ingold effect has been used to rationalize the helicity of the silylene-spaced divinylarene copolymers having chiral substituents. Diisopropylsilylene-spaced divinylbenzene copolymers having chiral 2-methylbutoxy substituents have been shown to exhibit a helical conformation. ...

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Synthetic Molecular Machine Based on Reversible End-to-Interior and End-to-End Loop Formation Trigge

June 27th, 2008
Synthetic Molecular Machine Based on Reversible End-to-Interior and End-to-End Loop Formation Triggered by Electrochemical Stimuli. We have designed and synthesized a novel [2]pseudorotaxane-based molecular machine in which the interconversion between end-to-interior and end-to-end loop structures is reversibly controlled by electrochemical stimuli. Cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and the thread ...

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Facile Biocatalytic Access to 9-Fluorenylmethyl Polyglycosides: Evaluation of Antiviral Activity on

June 27th, 2008
Facile Biocatalytic Access to 9-Fluorenylmethyl Polyglycosides: Evaluation of Antiviral Activity on Immunocompetent Cells. The biological activities of a series of mono- and oligosaccharides (beta-xylosides and alpha-glucosides) of 9-fluorenylmethanol were investigated together with mono-beta-galactoside and beta-glucoside of this aglycone, produced by biocatalytic routes. By using marine glycoside ...

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Autoinflammatory genes and susceptibility to psoriatic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

June 27th, 2008
Autoinflammatory genes and susceptibility to psoriatic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of NLRP3, NOD2, MEFV, and PSTPIP1, genes that cause 4 of the autoinflammatory hereditary periodic fever syndromes (HPFS), with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Fifty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the 4 loci ...

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