Medical and Biomedical Researches

Optimization of the enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken meat using response surface methodology.

June 27th, 2008
Optimization of the enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken meat using response surface methodology. The hydrolysis of chicken breast meat by the commercial protease Alcalase 2.4L was studied to evaluate the influence of temperature (43 to 77 degrees C), enzyme:substrate ratio (0.8% to 4.2%), and pH (7.16 to ...

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Effects of pulsed UV-light on peanut allergens in extracts and liquid peanut butter.

June 27th, 2008
Effects of pulsed UV-light on peanut allergens in extracts and liquid peanut butter. Pulsed ultraviolet (PUV) light, a nonthermal technology, was used to treat both the peanut extracts and liquid peanut butter. The objective was to determine if such treatment would lead to a reduction in ...

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Carbon monoxide treatments to impart and retain muscle color in tilapia fillets.

June 27th, 2008
Carbon monoxide treatments to impart and retain muscle color in tilapia fillets. Carbon monoxide (CO) has been used for improving the color of muscle foods. In the current study, we compared the postmortem treatment of tilapia fillets with 100% CO and euthanasia of live tilapia with ...

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Characterization and quantification of anthocyanins in grape juices obtained from the grapes cultiva

June 27th, 2008
Characterization and quantification of anthocyanins in grape juices obtained from the grapes cultivated in Korea by HPLC/DAD, HPLC/MS, and HPLC/MS/MS. The characterization and quantification of anthocyanins in grape cultivars of Oll-Meoru (Vitis coignetiaexVitis labrusca), Neut-Meoru (Vitis coignetiaexVitis labrusca), Muscal Bailey A. (Vitis labruscana), and Campbell Early ...

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Altering pasting characteristics of sweet potato starches through amino acid additives.

June 27th, 2008
Altering pasting characteristics of sweet potato starches through amino acid additives. This study assessed the effects of amino acid additives, aspartic acid, leucine, lysine, and methionine, on the pasting and thermal characteristics of white- and orange-fleshed Beauregard sweet potato starches. A rapid visco analyzer 3D was ...

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Textural properties of gelling system of low-methoxy pectins produced by demethoxylating reaction of

June 27th, 2008
Textural properties of gelling system of low-methoxy pectins produced by demethoxylating reaction of pectin methyl esterase. After deesterification of commercial pectins with a pectin methyl esterase (PME), their gelling properties were characterized using instrumental texture analysis. The final degree of esterification (DE) of the high- and ...

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Thermal behavior of resistant starches RS 2, RS 3, and RS 4.

June 27th, 2008
Thermal behavior of resistant starches RS 2, RS 3, and RS 4. The thermal behaviors of 3 resistant starch types-RS 2, RS 3, and RS 4-were investigated. Samples were heated in excess water to specific temperatures, from 35 to 85 degrees C at 5 degrees C ...

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Effects of salinity on physicochemical properties of Alaska pollock surimi after repeated freeze-tha

June 27th, 2008
Effects of salinity on physicochemical properties of Alaska pollock surimi after repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The effects of residual salt in surimi on physicochemical properties as affected by various freeze and thaw (FT) cycles were examined. Fresh Alaska pollock surimi was mixed with 4.0% sugar and 5.0% ...

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Characterization of headspace aroma compounds of freshly brewed arabica coffees and studies on a cha

June 27th, 2008
Characterization of headspace aroma compounds of freshly brewed arabica coffees and studies on a characteristic aroma compound of Ethiopian coffee. A sampling method to isolate headspace volatiles of freshly brewed drip coffee using a solid-phase microextraction fiber (fiber type: divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane) in a short time (2 min) ...

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Qualification and quantification of fish protein in prepared surimi crabstick.

June 27th, 2008
Qualification and quantification of fish protein in prepared surimi crabstick. Species identification and protein quantification in surimi crabstick were achieved using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). When the Lowry and Kjeldahl protein determination methods were compared, the former showed more consistent results. Densitometric scanning of ...

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Free amino acids in botanicals and botanical preparations.

June 27th, 2008
Free amino acids in botanicals and botanical preparations. Numerous studies were carried out about aminoacidic composition of vegetable proteins, but information about the free amino acid pool and the role of these substances is very incomplete. The aim of this paper was to contribute to the ...

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Influence of sodium chloride and glucose on acid-induced gelation of heat-denatured ovalbumin.

June 27th, 2008
Influence of sodium chloride and glucose on acid-induced gelation of heat-denatured ovalbumin. We examined the effects of NaCl and glucose on cold-set ovalbumin gelation. Cold-set gels were prepared by adding glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) to a 2% heated ovalbumin solution. For the gel prepared from ovalbumin heat-denatured with ...

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Effect of microbial transglutaminase on spaghetti quality.

June 27th, 2008
Effect of microbial transglutaminase on spaghetti quality. To examine the potential application of microbial transglutaminase (MTG) on semolina dough properties and quality of raw and cooked spaghetti, the effects of various MTG addition levels on the solubility of proteins, SDS-PAGE pattern of semolina dough proteins, and ...

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Extraction and characterization of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) albumin and globulin.

June 27th, 2008
Extraction and characterization of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) albumin and globulin. Albumin and globulin fractions of 1 Desi and 2 Kabuli varieties of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) were extracted with water and salt solutions (K(2)SO(4) and NaCl). The extractable yields and particularly the albumin-globulin ratio varied greatly with ...

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Interaction of fish myoglobin and myofibrillar proteins.

June 27th, 2008
Interaction of fish myoglobin and myofibrillar proteins. Interactions between fish myoglobin (Mb) and myofibrillar proteins were investigated in a Mb-natural actomyosin (NAM) model at 4 degrees C. Increases in metmyoglobin (MetMb) formation and the relative content of bound Mb were observed, as were decreases in whiteness ...

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Characterization of amino cross-linked soy protein hydrogels.

June 27th, 2008
Characterization of amino cross-linked soy protein hydrogels. This study focused on amino cross-linking as means of forming soy protein hydrogels with modifiable properties. The efficiency of glyceraldehyde, a potential food-grade cross-linking agent, was compared to glutaraldehyde, a well-known dialdehyde. The influence of the concentration of these ...

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Focusing on the relation: fewer exemplars facilitate children’s initial verb learning and extension

June 27th, 2008
Focusing on the relation: fewer exemplars facilitate children\'s initial verb learning and extension. One of the most prominent theories for why children struggle to learn verbs is that verb learning requires the abstraction of relations between an object and its action (Gentner, 2003). Two hypotheses suggest ...

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Fitting the child’s mind to the world: adaptive norm-based coding of facial identity in 8-year-olds

June 27th, 2008
Fitting the child\'s mind to the world: adaptive norm-based coding of facial identity in 8-year-olds. In adults, facial identity is coded by opponent processes relative to an average face or norm, as evidenced by the face identity aftereffect: adapting to a face biases perception towards the ...

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Encoding the goal of an object-directed but uncompleted reaching action in 6- and 9-month-old infant

June 27th, 2008
Encoding the goal of an object-directed but uncompleted reaching action in 6- and 9-month-old infants. Infants start to interpret completed human actions as goal-directed in the second half of the first year of life. In a series of three studies, the understanding of a goal-directed but ...

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Developmental changes in the weighting of prosodic cues.

June 27th, 2008
Developmental changes in the weighting of prosodic cues. Previous research has shown that the weighting of, or attention to, acoustic cues at the level of the segment changes over the course of development (Nittrouer & Miller, 1997; Nittrouer, Manning & Meyer, 1993). In this paper we ...

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Developmental trajectories for spatial frames of reference in Williams syndrome.

June 27th, 2008
Developmental trajectories for spatial frames of reference in Williams syndrome. Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder associated with severe visuocognitive impairment. Individuals with WS also report difficulties with everyday wayfinding. To study the development of body-, environment-, and object-based spatial frames of reference in WS, ...

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Young German children’s early syntactic competence: a preferential looking study.

June 27th, 2008
Young German children\'s early syntactic competence: a preferential looking study. Using a preferential looking methodology with novel verbs, Gertner, Fisher and Eisengart (2006) found that 21-month-old English children seemed to understand the syntactic marking of transitive word order in an abstract, verb-general way. In the current ...

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Effect of partial occlusion on newborns’ face preference and recognition.

June 27th, 2008
Effect of partial occlusion on newborns\' face preference and recognition. Many studies have shown that newborns prefer (e.g. Goren, Sarty & Wu, 1975; Valenza, Simion, Macchi Cassia & Umiltà, 1996) and recognize (e.g. Bushnell, Say & Mullin, 1989; Pascalis & de Schonen, 1994) faces. However, it ...

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Preschoolers’ sensitivity to referential ambiguity: evidence for a dissociation between implicit un

June 27th, 2008
Preschoolers\' sensitivity to referential ambiguity: evidence for a dissociation between implicit understanding and explicit behavior. Four-year-olds were asked to assess an adult listener\'s knowledge of the location of a hidden sticker after the listener was provided an ambiguous or unambiguous description of the sticker location. When ...

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Generality with specificity: the dynamic field theory generalizes across tasks and time scales.

June 27th, 2008
Generality with specificity: the dynamic field theory generalizes across tasks and time scales. A central goal in cognitive and developmental science is to develop models of behavior that can generalize across both tasks and development while maintaining a commitment to detailed behavioral prediction. This paper presents ...

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