Medical and Biomedical Researches

Delivery of nanoparticles to the brain detected by fluorescence microscopy.

June 27th, 2008
Delivery of nanoparticles to the brain detected by fluorescence microscopy. This study aimed to explore and extend the application potential of poly(n-butylcyano-acrylate) (PBCA) nanoparticles to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and to deliver their content into the central nervous system. PBCA particles were prepared by a ...

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Effect of polymer type on the dissolution profile of amorphous solid dispersions containing felodipi

June 27th, 2008
Effect of polymer type on the dissolution profile of amorphous solid dispersions containing felodipine. Amorphous solid dispersions are used as a strategy to improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble compounds. When formulating with a polymer, it is important not only for the polymer to stabilize against ...

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Surface composition and contact angle relationships for differently prepared solid dispersions.

June 27th, 2008
Surface composition and contact angle relationships for differently prepared solid dispersions. Solid dispersions are promising drug delivery forms which offer the possibility to disperse a hydrophobic drug in a hydrophilic matrix and thereby improve the dissolution behavior and the bioavailability of the drug. One important aspect ...

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Modeling of drug release from biodegradable polymer blends.

June 27th, 2008
Modeling of drug release from biodegradable polymer blends. Numerous mathematical models that predict drug release from degradable systems have been reported. Most of these models cater only to single step, diffusion-controlled release while a few attempt to describe bi-phasic release. All these models, however, are only ...

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Transport of valproate at intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) and brain endothelial (RBE4) cells: Mechani

June 27th, 2008
Transport of valproate at intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) and brain endothelial (RBE4) cells: Mechanism and substrate specificity. To reach its target cells, the antiepileptic drug valproate has to cross both the intestinal epithelial barrier and the blood-brain barrier in intact form as well as in sufficient amounts. ...

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Lipid nanoparticles as vehicles for topical psoralen delivery: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) versu

June 27th, 2008
Lipid nanoparticles as vehicles for topical psoralen delivery: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) versus nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) were developed by using Precirol ATO 5 as the solid core of the particles for topical psoralen delivery. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) consisting of Precirol ...

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Poly(N-vinylacetamide) chains enhance lectin-induced biorecognition through the reduction of nonspec

June 27th, 2008
Poly(N-vinylacetamide) chains enhance lectin-induced biorecognition through the reduction of nonspecific interactions with nontargets. Lectin-immobilized fluorescent nanosphere was designed with the aim of developing a novel endoscopic imaging agent for the detection of early colorectal cancer. Submicron-sized polystyrene nanospheres with surface poly(N-vinylacetamide) (PNVA) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) ...

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Maternal and fetal exposure to bisphenol A in Korea.

June 27th, 2008
Maternal and fetal exposure to bisphenol A in Korea. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine disrupter used widely. Despite the potential risk of human exposure to BPA, little information exists concerning maternal and fetal exposure to BPA during pregnancy in Korea. This study purposed to ...

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Arsenic (V) induces a fluidization of algal cell and liposome membranes.

June 27th, 2008
Arsenic (V) induces a fluidization of algal cell and liposome membranes. Arsenate is one of the most poisonous elements for living cells. When cells are exposed to arsenate, their life activities are immediately affected by various biochemical reactions, such as the binding of arsenic to membranes ...

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In vitro androgenesis in tree species: An update and prospect for further research.

June 27th, 2008
In vitro androgenesis in tree species: An update and prospect for further research. Most, if not all, trees are outbreeding, highly heterozygous and undergo a long developmental period before reaching their reproductive stage. Classical breeding and cross-pollinating procedures are both unpredictable and time-consuming. In vitro androgenesis ...

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Biosensor technology: Technology push versus market pull.

June 27th, 2008
Biosensor technology: Technology push versus market pull. Biosensor technology is based on a specific biological recognition element in combination with a transducer for signal processing. Since its inception, biosensors have been expected to play a significant analytical role in medicine, agriculture, food safety, homeland security, environmental ...

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Seselin from Plumbago zeylanica inhibits phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated cell proliferation in h

June 27th, 2008
Seselin from Plumbago zeylanica inhibits phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated cell proliferation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Effects of seselin (C(14)H(12)O(3); MW 228) identified from Plumbago zeylanica on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated cell proliferation were studied in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The data demonstrated that seselin inhibited PBMC ...

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Therapeutic effect of tripterine on adjuvant arthritis in rats.

June 27th, 2008
Therapeutic effect of tripterine on adjuvant arthritis in rats. Tripterygium wilfordii Hoog f., a perennial vine, is used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of this study was to determine whether tripterine, isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hoog f., had therapeutic effects ...

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A broad review of commercially important southern African medicinal plants.

June 27th, 2008
A broad review of commercially important southern African medicinal plants. Despite the fact that an estimated 10% of the plant species of the world is found in southern Africa, only a few have been fully commercialized and basic scientific information is often not available. In recent ...

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Ethyl docosahexaenoate decreased Neoral((R)) absorption due to particle size enlargement.

June 27th, 2008
Ethyl docosahexaenoate decreased Neoral((R)) absorption due to particle size enlargement. We recently reported that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) enhanced the bioavailability of cyclosporine A (CsA) in a conventional oil formulation by inhibiting CYP3A-mediated gut metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethyl ...

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Effect of different formulation parameters on flurbiprofen encapsulation and stability into niosomes

June 27th, 2008
Effect of different formulation parameters on flurbiprofen encapsulation and stability into niosomes prepared from proniosomes. Proniosomal gels or solutions of flurbiprofen were developed based on span 20 (Sp 20), span 40 (Sp 40), span 60 (Sp 60), and span 80 (Sp 80) without and with cholesterol. ...

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Effects of particle size and cohesive properties on mixing studied by non-contact NIR.

June 27th, 2008
Effects of particle size and cohesive properties on mixing studied by non-contact NIR. A scaled-down convective blender was used along with non-invasive NIR spectrometry to study the mixing of citric acid, aspirin, aspartame or povidone with microcrystalline cellulose. NIR mixing profiles were generated in real time ...

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The surface characterisation and comparison of two potential sub-micron, sugar bulking excipients fo

June 27th, 2008
The surface characterisation and comparison of two potential sub-micron, sugar bulking excipients for use in low-dose, suspension formulations in metered dose inhalers. PURPOSE: This study compares the surface characteristics and surface energetics of two potential bulking excipients, anhydrous sub-micron alpha-lactose and sub-micron sucrose, for use with ...

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Emulsified systems based on glyceryl monostearate and potassium cetyl phosphate: Scale-up and charac

June 27th, 2008
Emulsified systems based on glyceryl monostearate and potassium cetyl phosphate: Scale-up and characterization of physical properties. Introducing a pharmaceutical product on the market involves several stages of research. The scale-up stage comprises the integration of previous phases of development and their integration. This phase is extremely ...

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Ophthalmic delivery of Cyclosporine A from Brij-97 microemulsion and surfactant-laden p-HEMA hydroge

June 27th, 2008
Ophthalmic delivery of Cyclosporine A from Brij-97 microemulsion and surfactant-laden p-HEMA hydrogels. Cyclosporine A (CyA) is an immunosuppressant drug that is used for treating a variety of ocular diseases and disorders. CyA is commonly delivered via eye drops, which is highly inefficient due to a low ...

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Gastrointestinal nematode infection increases organophosphate toxicity in rats.

June 27th, 2008
Gastrointestinal nematode infection increases organophosphate toxicity in rats. Serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an esterase associated with high-density lipoproteins in plasma and is involved in the detoxification of organophosphates (OP). We have previously reported a significant decrease in serum PON1 activity following Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection in Wistar ...

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Characterization of the bovine angiotensin converting enzyme promoter: Essential roles of Egr-1, ATF

June 27th, 2008
Characterization of the bovine angiotensin converting enzyme promoter: Essential roles of Egr-1, ATF-2 and Ets-1 in the regulation by phorbol ester. The protease angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a key regulator of blood pressure homeostasis, and is responsible for proteolytic activation of angiotensin I to angiotensin ...

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Evolutionary conservation of protein vibrational dynamics.

June 27th, 2008
Evolutionary conservation of protein vibrational dynamics. The aim of the present work is to study the evolutionary divergence of vibrational protein dynamics. To this end, we used the Gaussian Network Model to perform a systematic analysis of normal mode conservation on a large dataset of proteins ...

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A stochastic method for the reconstruction of protein structures from one-dimensional structural pro

June 27th, 2008
A stochastic method for the reconstruction of protein structures from one-dimensional structural profiles. We discuss a computational approach for reconstructing the native structures of proteins from the knowledge of a structural profile, the first eigenvector of the contact map of the native structure itself. The procedure ...

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Transcriptome analysis of auxin-regulated genes of Arabidopsis thaliana.

June 27th, 2008
Transcriptome analysis of auxin-regulated genes of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant hormone auxin elicits diverse responses in plant growth and development. Accumulated data indicate that the ubiquitin-mediated proteolytic pathway plays a crucial role in transducing auxin signaling. To gain more understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying auxin action, ...

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