Medical and Biomedical Researches

Male specific expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (cPTGDS) during chicken gonadal

June 27th, 2008
Male specific expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (cPTGDS) during chicken gonadal differentiation: relationship with cSOX9. As in mammals, the SOX9 gene (cSOX9) is specifically expressed in male differentiating Sertoli cells during chicken gonadal development. Recent studies in mouse have shown that the prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2))/lipocalin-type ...

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Mutations in the RSPO1 coding region are not the main cause of canine SRY-negative XX sex reversal i

June 27th, 2008
Mutations in the RSPO1 coding region are not the main cause of canine SRY-negative XX sex reversal in several breeds. This report details a case of SRY-negative XX sex reversal in a mixed breed dog and surveys affected dogs of several breeds for mutations in RSPO1 ...

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In-vitro characterization of androgen receptor mutations associated with complete androgen insensiti

June 27th, 2008
In-vitro characterization of androgen receptor mutations associated with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome reveals distinct functional deficits. Adequate androgen receptor (AR) function is crucial for male sex development and maintenance of secondary male characteristics. Mutations in the AR lead to androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) characterized by an ...

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Sexual development and the evolution of sex determination.

June 27th, 2008
Sexual development and the evolution of sex determination. The evolution of sex had profound consequences for life on earth as it brought about the origin of males and females. Yet understanding the amazing variety of mechanisms employed by organisms to produce males and females has evaded ...

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Professor Alfred Jost: the builder of modern sex differentiation.

June 27th, 2008
Professor Alfred Jost: the builder of modern sex differentiation. Professor Alfred Jost (1916-1991) is famous for his discovery of the Mullerian inhibitor, now called anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) or Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS). Alfred Jost resolved the controversy surrounding the mechanism of somatic sex differentiation by proving ...

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Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells Express a Functional Ca-Sensing Receptor.

June 27th, 2008
Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells Express a Functional Ca-Sensing Receptor. The mechanism whereby extracellular Ca(2+) exerts the endothelium-dependent control of vascular tone is still unclear. In this study, we assessed whether cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMEC) express a functional extracellular Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CaSR) using a variety of ...

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Intrasplenic or Subperitoneal Hepatocyte Transplantation to Increase Survival after Surgically Induc

June 27th, 2008
Intrasplenic or Subperitoneal Hepatocyte Transplantation to Increase Survival after Surgically Induced Hepatic Failure? Background: As a basis for future clinical questions, we evaluated the efficacy of hepatocyte transplantation in a surgical model using a subperitoneal or intrasplenic approach for cell implantation. Methods: In rats, acute liver ...

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Preoperative CA19-9 Levels and Lymph Node Ratio Are Independent Predictors of Survival in Patients w

June 27th, 2008
Preoperative CA19-9 Levels and Lymph Node Ratio Are Independent Predictors of Survival in Patients with Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Background: The aim of this study was to identify whether preoperative CA19-9 levels might represent an independent prognostic marker for overall survival in patients undergoing resection for ...

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Metastatic Tumor Doubling Time Is an Independent Predictor of Intrapulmonary Recurrence after Pulmon

June 27th, 2008
Metastatic Tumor Doubling Time Is an Independent Predictor of Intrapulmonary Recurrence after Pulmonary Resection of Solitary Pulmonary Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer. Background: Several investigators have previously reported the prognostic factors affecting survival after a surgical resection of pulmonary metastasis from colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there have ...

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Mesenteric Ischemia - Outcome after Surgical Therapy in 83 Patients.

June 27th, 2008
Mesenteric Ischemia - Outcome after Surgical Therapy in 83 Patients. Background: Intestinal ischemia is the prime vascular emergency for the visceral surgeon. However, the diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia is difficult, the surgical options are often limited and the overall outcome is generally poor. Methods: We report ...

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Surgical Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Analysis of 92 Operated Patients.

June 27th, 2008
Surgical Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Analysis of 92 Operated Patients. Aim: To review and evaluate the clinicopathological factors predictive of recurrence after surgical resection for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the stomach. Methods: The clinicopathological records of 92 gastric GIST patients who were operated ...

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Pre-Operative Staging with Positron Emission Tomography in Patients with Pelvic Recurrence of Rectal

June 27th, 2008
Pre-Operative Staging with Positron Emission Tomography in Patients with Pelvic Recurrence of Rectal Cancer. Background/Aim:The treatment of pelvic recurrences of rectal cancer is primarily surgical. The substantial morbidity and mortality of such resections warrant stringent patient selection. Recent literature reports PET to be of additional value ...

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A Comparison of Abdominal Cavity Bacterial Contamination of Laparoscopy and Laparotomy for Colorecta

June 27th, 2008
A Comparison of Abdominal Cavity Bacterial Contamination of Laparoscopy and Laparotomy for Colorectal Cancers. Background/Aim: To compare intra-abdominal remnant bacterium between laparotomy and laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods: 72 patients with nonobstructive colorectal cancer were divided into two groups: laparotomy (47 cases) and laparoscopic surgery (25 cases). ...

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Outcomes of Sphincter-Saving Operation for Rectal Cancer without Protective Stoma and Pelvic Drain,

June 27th, 2008
Outcomes of Sphincter-Saving Operation for Rectal Cancer without Protective Stoma and Pelvic Drain, and Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage. Background/Aims: To evaluate the outcomes of sphincter-saving operation for rectal cancer without protective stoma and pelvic drain and to determine factors influencing anastomotic leakage. Methods: We investigated ...

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Management of Advanced Abdominopelvic Tumors with Combined Radiofrequency Ablation and Surgical Debu

June 27th, 2008
Management of Advanced Abdominopelvic Tumors with Combined Radiofrequency Ablation and Surgical Debulking. Aim: Advanced abdominopelvic tumors due to rectal cancer, gynecological cancer or sarcomas are often unresectable using surgery alone. This study presents the combination of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical debulking for such tumors. Methods: ...

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A New Technique for Intraoperative Continuous Biliary Drainage during Pancreatoduodenectomy.

June 27th, 2008
A New Technique for Intraoperative Continuous Biliary Drainage during Pancreatoduodenectomy. Background: The common hepatic duct is divided during the early stage of pancreatoduodenectomy. Complete and prolonged closure of the proximal common duct stump can cause liver damage in the course of this long operation, resulting in ...

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Usefulness of Pancreatic Duct Stenting prior to Surgery as a Guide to Decide the Feasibility of Limi

June 27th, 2008
Usefulness of Pancreatic Duct Stenting prior to Surgery as a Guide to Decide the Feasibility of Limited Pancreatic Resection. Background/Aims: The purpose of this study was to introduce our procedure of limited pancreatic resection with preoperative pancreatic duct stenting to prevent complications. Patients and Methods: Subjects ...

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Unilateral Spiny Hyperkeratosis. Case Report and Review of the Literature.

June 27th, 2008
Unilateral Spiny Hyperkeratosis. Case Report and Review of the Literature. We describe the first case of unilateral spiny hyperkeratosis (SH) of the left hand, review the literature and discuss possible patho- mechanisms. SH can be sporadic or familial, often appearing in healthy individuals. However, there is ...

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Whipple’s Disease: An Endoscopic and Histologic Study.

June 27th, 2008
Whipple\'s Disease: An Endoscopic and Histologic Study. Background/Aim: Primary gastrointestinal tract involvement occurs in one third of patients with Whipple\'s disease (WD). Nevertheless, there are scant data on the endoscopic appearance of WD. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed endoscopic-pathologic assessment of ...

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Efficacy and Safety of Azathioprine and 6-Mercaptopurine in Japanese Pediatric Patients with Ulcerat

June 27th, 2008
Efficacy and Safety of Azathioprine and 6-Mercaptopurine in Japanese Pediatric Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Survey of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Background and Aims: Azathioprine (AZA) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) have recently been used in Japanese pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis. The aims ...

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Immunological Status of the Stomach in Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Comparison between Ulcerative Co

June 27th, 2008
Immunological Status of the Stomach in Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Comparison between Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn\'s Disease. Background/Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) mainly affects the colon and rectum, whereas the chronic inflammatory process in Crohn\'s disease (CD) can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, however, ...

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High Risk of Cognitive and Functional Decline after Postoperative Delirium. A Three-Year Prospective

June 27th, 2008
High Risk of Cognitive and Functional Decline after Postoperative Delirium. A Three-Year Prospective Study. Background/Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the association of postoperative delirium with the outcomes of cognitive impairment, functional disability and death. Methods: Hip surgery patients aged 60 years or ...

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High-Resolution Computed Tomography Evaluation of Peripheral Airways in Asthma Patients: Comparison

June 27th, 2008
High-Resolution Computed Tomography Evaluation of Peripheral Airways in Asthma Patients: Comparison of Focal and Diffuse Air Trapping. Background: Air trapping evaluated in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) reflects changes in small bronchi. We simultaneously evaluated focal and diffuse air trapping in asthmatic patients. Objectives: (1) To evaluate ...

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Stress hormone responses during 24-hour hypoxemia in preterm goat fetus.

June 27th, 2008
Stress hormone responses during 24-hour hypoxemia in preterm goat fetus. Fetal endocrinological responses to chronic hypoxemia are useful in elucidating the process of growth restriction at earlier stages of fetal development. The purpose of this study was to observe endocrinological responses to prolonged (24-h) non-acidemic hypoxemia ...

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Electric pulse stimulation induces NMDA glutamate receptor mRNA in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts.

June 27th, 2008
Electric pulse stimulation induces NMDA glutamate receptor mRNA in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Excess glutamate and Ca(2+) influx into neurons exacerbate brain damage such as ischemia. Astrocytes at the site of damage proliferate and attenuate the glutamate- and Ca(2+)-induced neuronal damage by removing excess glutamate and Ca(2+) ...

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