Medical and Biomedical Researches

Prerequisite for treatment planning implant dentistry: periodontal prognostication of compromised te

June 27th, 2008
Prerequisite for treatment planning implant dentistry: periodontal prognostication of compromised teeth. In this era of increased dental implant use, there is a tendency to underestimate the long-term prognosis of a tooth with a compromised periodontium (treated or untreated). This can result in premature extraction of a ...

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A comparison of fixed prostheses generated from conventional vs digitally scanned dental impressions

June 27th, 2008
A comparison of fixed prostheses generated from conventional vs digitally scanned dental impressions. For many years, mechanical and laser-based scanning technology has been used with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing applications in the field of dentistry, but most have been limited to the dental laboratory. For ...

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Prosthodontics and implants: from xenodontics to biodontics.

June 27th, 2008
Prosthodontics and implants: from xenodontics to biodontics. To date, the restoration, repair, and replacement of lost and damaged teeth used metals and plastics, nonbiological materials. This type of dentistry has been referred to as \"xenodontics.\" This article discusses the progress in developing a tissue-engineered tooth derived ...

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The World Health Organization’s global strategy for prevention and assessment of HIV drug resistanc

June 27th, 2008
The World Health Organization\'s global strategy for prevention and assessment of HIV drug resistance. Antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV is being scaled up rapidly in resource-limited countries. Treatment options are simplified and standardized, generally with one potent first-line regimen and one potent alternate first-line regimen recommended. ...

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From the first protein structures to our current knowledge of protein folding: delights and sceptici

June 27th, 2008
From the first protein structures to our current knowledge of protein folding: delights and scepticisms. Every breakthrough that opens new vistas also removes the ground from under the feet of other scientists. The scientific joy of those who have seen the new light is accompanied by ...

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Gene Transfer May Be Preventive But Not Curative for a Lysosomal Transport Disorder.

June 27th, 2008
Gene Transfer May Be Preventive But Not Curative for a Lysosomal Transport Disorder. Cystinosis belongs to a growing class of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) caused by defective transmembrane proteins. The causative CTNS gene encodes the lysosomal cystine transporter, cystinosin. Currently the aminothiol cysteamine is the only ...

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Targeted Cell Entry of Lentiviral Vectors.

June 27th, 2008
Targeted Cell Entry of Lentiviral Vectors. Retargeting of lentiviral vector entry to cell types of interest is a key factor in improving the safety and efficacy of gene transfer. In this study we show that the retargetable envelope glycoproteins of measles virus (MV), namely, the hemagglutinin ...

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Reduced Genotoxicity of Avian Sarcoma Leukosis Virus Vectors in Rhesus Long-term Repopulating Cells

June 27th, 2008
Reduced Genotoxicity of Avian Sarcoma Leukosis Virus Vectors in Rhesus Long-term Repopulating Cells Compared to Standard Murine Retrovirus Vectors. Insertional mutagenesis continues to be a major concern in hematopoietic stem-cell gene therapy. Nonconventional gene transfer vectors with more favorable integration features in comparison with conventional retrovirus ...

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Double Oxygen-sensing Vector System for Robust Hypoxia/Ischemia-regulated Gene Induction in Cardiac

June 27th, 2008
Double Oxygen-sensing Vector System for Robust Hypoxia/Ischemia-regulated Gene Induction in Cardiac Muscle In Vitro and In Vivo. High-fidelity genetically encoded bio-sensors that respond to changes in cellular environmental milieu in disease offer great potential in a range of patho-physiological settings. Here a unique hypoxia-regulated vector-based system ...

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An overview of nocturia and the syndrome of nocturnal polyuria in the elderly.

June 27th, 2008
An overview of nocturia and the syndrome of nocturnal polyuria in the elderly. Nocturia is common in the elderly population and, aside from being a nuisance, it is associated with morbidity and mortality. Nocturia results from the complex interactions of several factors: changes in the urinary ...

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Does ferric gluconate lower epoetin requirements in hemodialysis patients with high ferritin levels?

June 27th, 2008
Does ferric gluconate lower epoetin requirements in hemodialysis patients with high ferritin levels? The 6-week Dialysis Patients\' Response to IV Iron with Elevated Ferritin (DRIVE) study demonstrated that the administration of intravenous iron improved anemia in patients on hemodialysis who had high ferritin levels (500-1,200 ng/ml ...

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Assessment of urinary albumin excretion might improve cardiovascular outcome in patients with hypert

June 27th, 2008
Assessment of urinary albumin excretion might improve cardiovascular outcome in patients with hypertension. This Practice Point commentary discusses a study by Boersma et al. that aimed to investigate whether the efficacy of blood-pressure-lowering agents depends on a patient\'s level of urinary albumin excretion before initiation of ...

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Coarctation of the aorta presenting as systemic hypertension in a young adult.

June 27th, 2008
Coarctation of the aorta presenting as systemic hypertension in a young adult. Background A 20-year-old male presented with a history of systemic hypertension. Examination revealed a systolic murmur with an early ejection click, and femoral pulses were markedly reduced.Investigations Physical examination, laboratory testing, electrocardiography, chest radiography, ...

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Circulating CD34(+) cell subsets in patients with coronary endothelial dysfunction.

June 27th, 2008
Circulating CD34(+) cell subsets in patients with coronary endothelial dysfunction. Background Endothelial dysfunction is an early manifestation of atherosclerotic disease. Circulating cells that express CD34, including endothelial and hematopoietic progenitor cells, might play a part in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of this ...

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The role of regulatory T cells in multiple sclerosis.

June 27th, 2008
The role of regulatory T cells in multiple sclerosis. The dysregulation of inflammatory responses and of immune self-tolerance is considered to be a key element in the autoreactive immune response in multiple sclerosis (MS). Regulatory T (T(REG)) cells have emerged as crucial players in the pathogenetic ...

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Therapy Insight: the changing spectrum of rheumatic disease in HIV infection.

June 27th, 2008
Therapy Insight: the changing spectrum of rheumatic disease in HIV infection. HIV infection and AIDS have protean and multisystem manifestations throughout the various stages of infection. Progression from HIV infection to AIDS is associated with a gradual loss of immunocompetence and the occurrence of opportunistic infections ...

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Drug Insight: aggrecanases as therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis.

June 27th, 2008
Drug Insight: aggrecanases as therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis. In healthy cartilage, effective weight-bearing requires a high concentration of intact aggrecan. Degradation and loss of aggrecan are features of osteoarthritis (OA). It is unclear whether ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, or both of these aggrecanases from the ADAMTS (a disintegrin ...

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Psychological distress in cancer patients assessed with an expert rating scale.

June 27th, 2008
Psychological distress in cancer patients assessed with an expert rating scale. The purpose of this study was to investigate psychosocial stress in a large sample of cancer patients using an expert rating scale. Specific aims were to analyse the relevance of setting variables (type of clinic, ...

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Common dysregulation of Wnt/Frizzled receptor elements in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

June 27th, 2008
Common dysregulation of Wnt/Frizzled receptor elements in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Dysregulation of growth factors and their receptors is central to human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously demonstrated that the Frizzled-7 membrane receptor mediating the Wnt signalling can activate the beta-catenin pathway and promotes malignancy in human ...

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alpha-Fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin-beta as prognostic markers in neuroendocrine tum

June 27th, 2008
alpha-Fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin-beta as prognostic markers in neuroendocrine tumour patients. Serum chromogranin A is the most useful general and prognostic tumour marker available for neuroendocrine tumour (NET) patients. The role of other tumour markers is less clear. In order to determine the diagnostic and ...

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Combined effects of bevacizumab with erlotinib and irradiation: a preclinical study on a head and ne

June 27th, 2008
Combined effects of bevacizumab with erlotinib and irradiation: a preclinical study on a head and neck cancer orthotopic model. Clinical benefit has been demonstrated in patients with head and neck tumours receiving an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agent in combination with radiotherapy (RT). Recent preclinical ...

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Long-term follow-up after cancer rehabilitation using high-intensity resistance training: persistent

June 27th, 2008
Long-term follow-up after cancer rehabilitation using high-intensity resistance training: persistent improvement of physical performance and quality of life. The short-term beneficial effects of physical rehabilitation programmes after cancer treatment have been described. However, little is known regarding the long-term effects. The purpose of this study was ...

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Clinical factors associated with fatigue over time in paediatric oncology patients receiving chemoth

June 27th, 2008
Clinical factors associated with fatigue over time in paediatric oncology patients receiving chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between clinical factors (including haemoglobin value, chemotherapeutic agents, and corticosteroid use) and changing patterns of fatigue before and for the next 10 days ...

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Cancer of the breast: 5-year survival in a tertiary hospital in Uganda.

June 27th, 2008
Cancer of the breast: 5-year survival in a tertiary hospital in Uganda. The objective was to investigate survival of breast cancer patients at Mulago Hospital. A retrospective study of the medical records of 297 breast cancer patients referred to the combined breast clinic housed in the ...

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Meta-analyses of chemotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer: results of seco

June 27th, 2008
Meta-analyses of chemotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer: results of secondary end points analyses. In advanced pancreatic cancer, level one evidence has established a significant survival advantage with chemotherapy, compared to best supportive care. The treatment-associated toxicity needs to be evaluated. This study examines ...

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