Medical and Biomedical Researches

Early vertebrate chromosome duplications and the evolution of the neuropeptide Y receptor gene regio

June 28th, 2008
Early vertebrate chromosome duplications and the evolution of the neuropeptide Y receptor gene regions. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: One of the many gene families that expanded in early vertebrate evolution is the neuropeptide (NPY) receptor family of G-protein coupled receptors. Earlier work by our lab suggested that several ...

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Diacerein inhibits the synthesis of resorptive enzymes and reduces osteoclastic differentiation/surv

June 28th, 2008
Diacerein inhibits the synthesis of resorptive enzymes and reduces osteoclastic differentiation/survival in osteoarthritic subchondral bone: a possible mechanism for a protective effect against subchondral bone remodelling. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Subchondral bone alterations represent an essential component of osteoarthritis (OA). Modifying the abnormal subchondral bone metabolism may be ...

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Acromegaly.

June 28th, 2008
Acromegaly. ABSTRACT: Acromegaly is an acquired disorder related to excessive production of growth hormone (GH) and characterized by progressive somatic disfigurement (mainly involving the face and extremities) and systemic manifestations. The prevalence is estimated at 1:140,000-250,000. It is most often diagnosed in middle-aged adults (average age ...

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Depression and anxiety in relation to catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met genotype in the general

June 28th, 2008
Depression and anxiety in relation to catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met genotype in the general population: The Nord-TrAndelag Health Study (HUNT). ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene contains a functional polymorphism, Val158Met, which has been linked to anxiety and depression, but no former studies have evaluated the influence of ...

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High genetic diversity among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains from Sierra Leone.

June 28th, 2008
High genetic diversity among Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains from Sierra Leone. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Among tuberculosis (TB) high incidence regions, Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly affected with approx. 1.6 million new cases every year. Besides this dramatic situation, data on the diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains ...

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Differential gene expression of the honey bee Apis mellifera associated with Varroa destructor infec

June 28th, 2008
Differential gene expression of the honey bee Apis mellifera associated with Varroa destructor infection. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The parasitic mite, Varroa destructor, is the most serious pest of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera, and has caused the death of millions of colonies worldwide. This mite reproduces ...

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Abnormal hCG levels in a patient with treated Stage I seminoma : a diagnostic dilemma.

June 28th, 2008
Abnormal hCG levels in a patient with treated Stage I seminoma : a diagnostic dilemma. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: We report the case of a patient with treated Stage Ia seminoma who was found to have an elevated beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) on routine follow - up. ...

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Molecular analysis of the vaginal response to estrogens in the ovariectomized rat and postmenopausal

June 28th, 2008
Molecular analysis of the vaginal response to estrogens in the ovariectomized rat and postmenopausal woman. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Vaginal atrophy (VA) is the thinning of the vaginal epithelial lining, typically the result of lowered estrogen levels during menopause. Some of the consequences of VA include increased susceptibility ...

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Apoptosis of supraoptic AVP neurons is involved in the development of central diabetes insipidus aft

June 28th, 2008
Apoptosis of supraoptic AVP neurons is involved in the development of central diabetes insipidus after hypophysectomy in rats. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: It has been reported that various types of axonal injury of hypothalamo- neurohypophyseal tract can result in degeneration of the magnocellular neurons (MCNs) in hypothalamus and ...

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Anti-PF4/Heparin antibodies associated with repeated hemofiltration-filter clotting: a retrospective

June 28th, 2008
Anti-PF4/Heparin antibodies associated with repeated hemofiltration-filter clotting: a retrospective study. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is an immune mediated adverse drug reaction that is associated with a procoagulant state and both arterial and venous thrombosis. After observing two cases of repeated hemofiltration-filter clotting associated with high anti-PF4/Heparin ...

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Adapting a Markov Monte Carlo simulation model for forecasting the number of Coronary Artery Revascu

June 28th, 2008
Adapting a Markov Monte Carlo simulation model for forecasting the number of Coronary Artery Revascularisation Procedures in an era of rapidly changing technology and policy. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Treatments for coronary heart disease (CHD) have evolved rapidly over the last 15 years with considerable change in the ...

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ELR+ CXC chemokine expression in benign and malign colorectal conditions.

June 28th, 2008
ELR+ CXC chemokine expression in benign and malign colorectal conditions. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: CXCR2 chemokine ligands CXCL1, CXCL5 and CXCL6 were shown to be involved in chemoattraction, inflammatory responses, tumor growth and angiogenesis. Here, we comparatively analyzed their expression profile in resection specimens from patients with colorectal ...

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Should the surgeon or the general practitioner (GP) follow up patients after surgery for colon cance

June 28th, 2008
Should the surgeon or the general practitioner (GP) follow up patients after surgery for colon cancer? A randomized controlled trial protocol focusing on quality of life, cost-effectiveness and serious clinical events. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: All patients who undergo surgery for colon cancer are followed up according to ...

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Inefficacy of different strategies to improve guideline awareness - 5-year follow-up of the Hyperten

June 28th, 2008
Inefficacy of different strategies to improve guideline awareness - 5-year follow-up of the Hypertension Evaluation Project (HEP). ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: In spite of numerous guidelines for evidence based diagnostic and therapy adequate knowledge of current recommendations is disappointingly low. In the Hypertension Evaluation Project (HEP I) we ...

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The Value of Health.

June 28th, 2008
The Value of Health. ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: A major problem in cost-effectiveness studies is where to draw the line between interventions which are cost-effective and those who are not. Lacking a notion about the value of a QALY, all ultimate values to the cost-effectiveness ratio are essentially ...

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Modality-specific attention under imminent but not remote threat of shock: evidence from differentia

June 28th, 2008
Modality-specific attention under imminent but not remote threat of shock: evidence from differential prepulse inhibition of startle. Theories of animal defensive behavior postulate that imminent, predictable threat elicits highly focused attention toward the threat source, whereas remote, unpredictable threat elicits distributed attention to the overall environment. ...

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Does subitizing reflect numerical estimation?

June 28th, 2008
Does subitizing reflect numerical estimation? Subitizing is the rapid and accurate enumeration of small sets (up to 3-4 items). Although subitizing has been studied extensively since its first description about 100 years ago, its underlying mechanisms remain debated. One hypothesis proposes that subitizing results from numerical ...

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Overconfidence in an objective anticipatory motor task.

June 28th, 2008
Overconfidence in an objective anticipatory motor task. Overconfidence can place humans in hazardous situations, and yet it has been observed in a variety of cognitive tasks in which participants have to rate their own performance. We demonstrate here that overconfidence can be revealed in a natural ...

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Emotion elicitor or emotion messenger? Subliminal priming reveals two faces of facial expressions.

June 28th, 2008
Emotion elicitor or emotion messenger? Subliminal priming reveals two faces of facial expressions. Facial emotional expressions can serve both as emotional stimuli and as communicative signals. The research reported here was conducted to illustrate how responses to both roles of facial emotional expressions unfold over time. ...

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Learning concepts and categories: is spacing the “enemy of induction”?

June 28th, 2008
Learning concepts and categories: is spacing the \"enemy of induction\"? Inductive learning-that is, learning a new concept or category by observing exemplars-happens constantly, for example, when a baby learns a new word or a doctor classifies x-rays. What influence does the spacing of exemplars have on ...

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Preferences versus strategies as explanations for culture-specific behavior.

June 28th, 2008
Preferences versus strategies as explanations for culture-specific behavior. In this article, we present a new framework for interpreting cultural differences in behavior-what we call the institutional approach. In this framework, individuals\' behaviors are conceptualized as strategies adapted to various incentive structures. Cultural differences in behavior are ...

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Peak of desire: activating the mating goal changes life-stage preferences across living kinds.

June 28th, 2008
Peak of desire: activating the mating goal changes life-stage preferences across living kinds. In three studies, we explored the existence of an evolved sensitivity to the peak that would be consistent with the evolutionary origins of many basic human preferences. Activating the evolved motive of mating ...

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Why are conservatives happier than liberals?

June 28th, 2008
Why are conservatives happier than liberals? In this research, we drew on system-justification theory and the notion that conservative ideology serves a palliative function to explain why conservatives are happier than liberals. Specifically, in three studies using nationally representative data from the United States and nine ...

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Illegitimacy moderates the effects of power on approach.

June 28th, 2008
Illegitimacy moderates the effects of power on approach. A wealth of research has found that power leads to behavioral approach and action. Four experiments demonstrate that this link between power and approach is broken when the power relationship is illegitimate. When power was primed to be ...

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Who shalt not kill? Individual differences in working memory capacity, executive control, and moral

June 28th, 2008
Who shalt not kill? Individual differences in working memory capacity, executive control, and moral judgment. Recent findings suggest that exerting executive control influences responses to moral dilemmas. In our study, subjects judged how morally appropriate it would be for them to kill one person to save ...

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