Medical and Biomedical Researches

Acute dehydroepiandrosterone treatment exerts different effects on dopamine and serotonin turnover r

July 3rd, 2008
Acute dehydroepiandrosterone treatment exerts different effects on dopamine and serotonin turnover ratios in the rat corpus striatum and nucleus accumbens. It has been shown that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) interacts with dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter systems, which are involved in the pathophysiology of neurological and psychiatric ...

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Background incidence of liver chemistry abnormalities in a clinical trial population without underly

July 3rd, 2008
Background incidence of liver chemistry abnormalities in a clinical trial population without underlying liver disease. BACKGROUND: The FDA has recently proposed pre-marketing liver chemistry subject stopping criteria. The study was undertaken to determine the background rates of liver chemistry abnormalities in clinical trial populations without underlying ...

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Peptides derived from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1490 surface protein implicated in inhibition

July 3rd, 2008
Peptides derived from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1490 surface protein implicated in inhibition of epithelial cell entry: Potential vaccine candidates? This study reports the Rv1490 gene presence and transcription in members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and characterises the encoded Rv1490 putative membrane protein in M. tuberculosis ...

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In vivo activity of cationic immune stimulating complexes (PLUSCOMs).

July 3rd, 2008
In vivo activity of cationic immune stimulating complexes (PLUSCOMs). A particulate vaccine delivery system consisting of cationic ISCOM derivatives (PLUSCOMs) was compared to classic anionic ISCOMs with regard to antigen attachment and ability to elicit in vivo T cell responses against a model protein antigen (ovalbumin ...

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Measles serological survey in the Italian population: Interpretation of results using mixture model.

July 3rd, 2008
Measles serological survey in the Italian population: Interpretation of results using mixture model. In 2003-2004, a national measles seroprevalence study was conducted in Italy and data were analysed by using both commercial ELISA cut-off, and by applying a mixture model. Results of the two methods were ...

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Immunization with hybrid recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv proteins increases the TH1 c

July 3rd, 2008
Immunization with hybrid recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv proteins increases the TH1 cytokine response in mice following a pulmonary instillation of irradiated mycobacteria. The aim of this research was to identify subunit immunogens that can generate enhanced CD8 T cell and TH1 responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A ...

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Enhanced expression of RNase L as a novel intracellular signal generated by NMDA receptors in mouse

July 3rd, 2008
Enhanced expression of RNase L as a novel intracellular signal generated by NMDA receptors in mouse cortical neurons. Recently we showed that the level of mitochondrial mRNA was decreased prior to neuronal death induced by glutamate. As the level of mRNA is regulated by ribonuclease (RNase), ...

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Reflections on a systematic nomenclature for antimicrobial peptides from the skins of frogs of the f

July 3rd, 2008
Reflections on a systematic nomenclature for antimicrobial peptides from the skins of frogs of the family Ranidae. Frogs belonging to the extensive family Ranidae represent a valuable source of antimicrobial peptides with therapeutic potential but there is currently no consistent system of nomenclature to describe these ...

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How adults construct evening meals: Scripts for food choice.

July 3rd, 2008
How adults construct evening meals: Scripts for food choice. The evening meal is an important regular event in the lives of many people. Understanding how people cognitively construct evening meals can provide insight into social and behavioral processes that are used in food choice. Schema theory ...

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Practice does make perfect: A longitudinal look at repeated taste exposure.

July 3rd, 2008
Practice does make perfect: A longitudinal look at repeated taste exposure. Previous research has found that 10-15 exposures to a novel food found can increase liking and consumption. This research has been, however, largely limited cross-sectional studies in which participants are offered only one or a ...

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Modified pectin-based carrier for gene delivery: Cellular barriers in gene delivery course.

July 3rd, 2008
Modified pectin-based carrier for gene delivery: Cellular barriers in gene delivery course. The use of polysaccharides as DNA carriers has high potential for gene therapy applications. Pectin is a structural plant polysaccharide heterogeneous with respect to its chemical structure. It contains branches rich in galactose residues ...

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Dynamics of photoinduced endosomal release of polyplexes.

July 3rd, 2008
Dynamics of photoinduced endosomal release of polyplexes. Endosomal escape is a well-known bottleneck for successful delivery of macromolecular drugs and genes. Photochemical disruption of endosomal membranes is an approach to overcome this bottleneck. In this study, we used the photosensitizer disulphonated meso-tetraphenylporphine with sulfonate groups on ...

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Amphetamine treatment increases corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus

July 3rd, 2008
Amphetamine treatment increases corticotropin-releasing factor receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus. Psychostimulant use increases anxious behavior, likely through interactions between central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and serotonergic systems. The current study examined whether chronic amphetamine treatment (2.5mg/kg, 14 days) or withdrawal altered CRF receptor densities in the ...

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Heterodimerization with small Maf proteins enhances nuclear retention of Nrf2 via masking the NESzip

July 3rd, 2008
Heterodimerization with small Maf proteins enhances nuclear retention of Nrf2 via masking the NESzip motif. Nrf2 is the key transcription factor regulating the antioxidant response. When exposed to oxidative stress, Nrf2 translocates to cell nucleus and forms heterodimer with small Maf proteins (sMaf). Nrf2/sMaf heterodimer binds ...

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Staufen1 is expressed in preimplantation mouse embryos and is required for embryonic stem cell diffe

July 3rd, 2008
Staufen1 is expressed in preimplantation mouse embryos and is required for embryonic stem cell differentiation. Pluripotent mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells derived from the blastocyst of the preimplantation embryo can be induced to differentiate in vitro along different cell lineages. However the molecular and cellular factors ...

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Eplerenone inhibits the intracrine and extracellular actions of angiotensin II on the inward calcium

July 3rd, 2008
Eplerenone inhibits the intracrine and extracellular actions of angiotensin II on the inward calcium current in the failing heart on the presence of an intracrine renin angiotensin aldosterone system. The influence of chronic administration of eplerenone on the intracrine as well as on the extracellular action ...

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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptors of rabbit kidney cortex are largely dimeric.

July 3rd, 2008
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptors of rabbit kidney cortex are largely dimeric. The neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptors and the pancreatic polypeptide Y4 receptors from rabbit kidney cortex are isolated largely as approximately 180 kDa complexes constituted of one receptor dimer and one G-protein heterotrimer, similar ...

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Oligomers of the amyloid-beta protein disrupt working memory: Confirmation with two behavioral proce

July 3rd, 2008
Oligomers of the amyloid-beta protein disrupt working memory: Confirmation with two behavioral procedures. Converging lines of evidence suggest that oligomers of amyloid-beta play a role in the cognitive impairment characteristic of Alzheimer\'s disease, but only three studies have provided experimental evidence of such impairment. To provide ...

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Effects of age and anxiety on learning and memory.

July 3rd, 2008
Effects of age and anxiety on learning and memory. This study aims to investigate the effects of age and anxiety on behavior, learning and memory in rats. Before and after the anxiety and learning tests, locomotor activity, exploratory activity and autonomic functions of the rats were ...

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Sex and opioid maintenance dose influence response to naloxone in opioid-dependent humans: A retrosp

July 3rd, 2008
Sex and opioid maintenance dose influence response to naloxone in opioid-dependent humans: A retrospective analysis. Pooled self-report and physiological data from 32 male and 15 female methadone or levo-alpha-acetyl methadol (LAAM) maintained volunteers were retrospectively analyzed for individual differences in response to naloxone (0.15 mg/70 kg, ...

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How does the short-wavelength-sensitive contrast sensitivity function for detection and resolution c

July 3rd, 2008
How does the short-wavelength-sensitive contrast sensitivity function for detection and resolution change with age in the periphery? To determine the age-related change in the peripheral short-wavelength-sensitive (SWS) grating contrast sensitivity function (CSF), cut-off spatial frequency (acuity) and contrast sensitivity for both a detection and resolution task ...

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Cone signals for spectacle lens compensation: Differential responses to short and long wavelengths.

July 3rd, 2008
Cone signals for spectacle lens compensation: Differential responses to short and long wavelengths. Chick eyes compensate for defocus imposed by spectacle lenses by making compensatory changes in eye length and choroidal thickness, a laboratory model of emmetropization. To investigate the roles of longitudinal chromatic aberration and ...

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Patching fellow eyes during subjective night does not prevent disruption to minus lens compensation

July 3rd, 2008
Patching fellow eyes during subjective night does not prevent disruption to minus lens compensation in constant light-reared chicks. PURPOSE: This study re-examined an earlier claim that monocular patching during subjective night (i.e. patched at the usual time that night would occur) in the chicks reared in ...

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Debromoaplysia toxin in Lyngbya-dominated mats on manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in the F

July 3rd, 2008
Debromoaplysia toxin in Lyngbya-dominated mats on manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in the Florida King\'s Bay ecosystem. Proliferation of the potentially toxic cyanobacterium, Lyngbya, in Florida lakes and rivers has raised concerns about ecosystem and human health. Debromoaplysiatoxin (DAT) was measured in concentrations up to 6.31mug/g wet ...

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The anti-convulsant stiripentol acts directly on the GABA(A) receptor as a positive allosteric modul

July 3rd, 2008
The anti-convulsant stiripentol acts directly on the GABA(A) receptor as a positive allosteric modulator. Stiripentol (STP) has been used as co-therapy for treatment of epilepsy for many years. Its mechanism of action has long been considered to be indirect, as it inhibits the enzymes responsible for ...

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