Medical and Biomedical Researches

The transforming growth factor-beta high-producer genotype is associated with response to hepatitis

June 28th, 2008
The transforming growth factor-beta high-producer genotype is associated with response to hepatitis C virus-specific therapy in HIV-positive patients with acute hepatitis C. BACKGROUND: Coinfection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in HIV-positive patients is an emerging health problem. The factors affecting response to HCV-specific therapy are ...

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Human leukocyte antigen-specific polymorphisms in HIV-1 Gag and their association with viral load in

June 28th, 2008
Human leukocyte antigen-specific polymorphisms in HIV-1 Gag and their association with viral load in chronic untreated infection. OBJECTIVE: Selection of specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) escape mutations in key Gag epitopes has been associated with loss of HIV immune control on an individual ...

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Combining human antisera to human leukocyte antigens, HIVgp120 and 70 kDa heat shock protein results

June 28th, 2008
Combining human antisera to human leukocyte antigens, HIVgp120 and 70 kDa heat shock protein results in broadly neutralizing activity to HIV-1. OBJECTIVE: To elicit broadly neutralizing antibody activity by combining polyclonal human serum IgG antibodies with HIVgp120, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I or class II ...

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Early events in HIV transmission through a human reconstructed vaginal mucosa.

June 28th, 2008
Early events in HIV transmission through a human reconstructed vaginal mucosa. OBJECTIVE: The early steps of HIV entry into intact vaginal mucosa still need to be clarified. Here we investigated how HIV translocated across the vaginal pluristratified epithelium, either by transcytosis or by uptake in Langerhans ...

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A review of barriers and facilitators of HIV treatment among injection drug users.

June 28th, 2008
A review of barriers and facilitators of HIV treatment among injection drug users. Globally, injection drug use continues to account for a substantial proportion of HIV infections. There have not, however, been any evidence-based reviews of the barriers and facilitators of HIV treatment among injection drug ...

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Pelvic fracture after scoliosis surgery in osteogenesis imperfecta: a case report.

June 28th, 2008
Pelvic fracture after scoliosis surgery in osteogenesis imperfecta: a case report. Literature, describing scoliosis in patients of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), favors operative treatment as soon as possible in the form of fixation with instrumentation and fusion to prevent curve progress and pulmonary function deterioration. There are ...

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A Twenty-year Experience With Endoscopic Therapy for Symptomatic Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.

June 28th, 2008
A Twenty-year Experience With Endoscopic Therapy for Symptomatic Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. GOALS: The current study presents 1 tertiary endoscopy center\'s 20-year experience using endoscopic therapy to treat patients with symptomatic primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). BACKGROUND: Endoscopic therapy for patients with PSC and dominant strictures has been ...

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Psychological Correlates of Gluten-free Diet Adherence in Adults With Celiac Disease.

June 28th, 2008
Psychological Correlates of Gluten-free Diet Adherence in Adults With Celiac Disease. GOALS: To determine whether personality traits and psychological characteristics are related to gluten-free diet (GFD) adherence in an adult population diagnosed with celiac disease (CD). BACKGROUND: Little research has examined psychological correlates of adherence to ...

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Pioglitazone increases adiponectin levels in nondiabetic patients with coronary artery disease.

June 28th, 2008
Pioglitazone increases adiponectin levels in nondiabetic patients with coronary artery disease. OBJECTIVES: Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Pioglitazone has been shown to increase levels of adiponectin in diabetic patients. We sought to assess whether administration of pioglitazone to patients with CAD and without ...

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Long-term Course and Effectiveness of Combination Therapy in Alzheimer Disease.

June 28th, 2008
Long-term Course and Effectiveness of Combination Therapy in Alzheimer Disease. OBJECTIVE: To compare the real-world clinical effectiveness and long-term clinical trajectory in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) treated with combination (COMBO) therapy consisting of cholinesterase-inhibitor (CI) plus memantine (MEM) versus CI alone versus no treatment with ...

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Assessing Impulsivity Changes in Alzheimer Disease.

June 28th, 2008
Assessing Impulsivity Changes in Alzheimer Disease. Impulsive behaviors are common in brain-damaged patients including those with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD). The objective of this study was to develop and validate a short version of the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale assessing changes on 4 ...

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Identifying the Factors That Facilitate or Hinder Advance Planning by Persons With Dementia.

June 28th, 2008
Identifying the Factors That Facilitate or Hinder Advance Planning by Persons With Dementia. We performed semistructured interviews with 30 family members of patients with advanced dementia to identify the factors that facilitate or hinder advance planning by persons with dementia. All interviews were analyzed using qualitative ...

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Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in American Indians With Alzheimer Disease: Preliminary Findings.

June 28th, 2008
Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in American Indians With Alzheimer Disease: Preliminary Findings. Factors predisposing to and associated with atherosclerosis may impact the onset and progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). The high prevalence of atherosclerosis and associated risk factors in American Indians makes them ideal subjects to test ...

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Perceptions of Illness, Coping, and Well-being in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Their C

June 28th, 2008
Perceptions of Illness, Coping, and Well-being in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Their Care Partners. Despite greater attention to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), little is known about reactions to this potentially threatening diagnosis among persons with MCI (PWMCI) and their care partners. Psychologic reactions, perceptions ...

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Memory Complaints in Mild Cognitive Impairment, Worried Well, and Semantic Dementia Patients.

June 28th, 2008
Memory Complaints in Mild Cognitive Impairment, Worried Well, and Semantic Dementia Patients. Complaints related to memory are characteristic of normal ageing, affective disorders, and are a cardinal feature of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), the proposed prodrome to Alzheimer disease proper. The aim of this study ...

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Imaging Alzheimer Pathology in Late-Life Depression With PET and Pittsburgh Compound-B.

June 28th, 2008
Imaging Alzheimer Pathology in Late-Life Depression With PET and Pittsburgh Compound-B. There is increasing evidence for an empiric link between late-life depression and Alzheimer disease (AD). The neuropathology of AD, previously only confirmed at autopsy, may now be detectable in vivo using selective imaging ligands for ...

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Factors Associated With Skilled Nursing Facility Transfers in Dementia-specific Assisted Living.

June 28th, 2008
Factors Associated With Skilled Nursing Facility Transfers in Dementia-specific Assisted Living. BACKGROUND: Medical, functional, and behavioral problems are associated with transitions from assisted living (AL), but limited information is available on those at highest risk for transition. METHODS: We conducted a multidisciplinary geriatric team assessment of ...

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Panax Ginseng Enhances Cognitive Performance in Alzheimer Disease.

June 28th, 2008
Panax Ginseng Enhances Cognitive Performance in Alzheimer Disease. Recent experimental evidences suggest protective and trophic effects of ginseng in the memory function of Alzheimer disease (AD). Thus, we investigated the clinical efficacy of Panax ginseng in the cognitive performance of AD patients in an open-label study. ...

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Covert Processing of Words and Pictures in Nonsemantic Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia.

June 28th, 2008
Covert Processing of Words and Pictures in Nonsemantic Variants of Primary Progressive Aphasia. The inability to name objects (anomia) is one of the most common findings in the neurologic examination of primary progressive aphasia (PPA). In the semantic variant of PPA, the anomia is profound and ...

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Small Head Circumference is Associated With Less Education in Persons at Risk for Alzheimer Disease

June 28th, 2008
Small Head Circumference is Associated With Less Education in Persons at Risk for Alzheimer Disease in Later Life. Studies suggest that individuals who are at increased risk for Alzheimer disease (AD) in late life differ on measures of cognition, linguistic performance, and brain metabolism in earlier ...

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Early Onset Familial Alzheimer Disease With Spastic Paraparesis, Dysarthria, and Seizures and N135S

June 28th, 2008
Early Onset Familial Alzheimer Disease With Spastic Paraparesis, Dysarthria, and Seizures and N135S Mutation in PSEN1. OBJECTIVE: Early onset familial Alzheimer disease (EOFAD) can be caused by mutations in genes for amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1 (PSEN1), or presenilin 2 (PSEN2). There is considerable phenotypic variability ...

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Revising the ADAS-cog for a More Accurate Assessment of Cognitive Impairment.

June 28th, 2008
Revising the ADAS-cog for a More Accurate Assessment of Cognitive Impairment. BACKGROUND: To examine whether it is appropriate to sum the cognitive part of the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog) items to assess cognitive impairment. This assumes items to have (1) equal measurement precision and (2) ...

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Longitudinal Metabolic and Cognitive Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients.

June 28th, 2008
Longitudinal Metabolic and Cognitive Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients. Advancements in clinical therapies have identified the need for biomarkers of early Alzheimer disease that distinguish the earliest stages of pathology and target those patients who are likely to gain the most benefit. The aim of ...

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Auditory mismatch negativity for speech sound contrasts is modulated by language context.

June 28th, 2008
Auditory mismatch negativity for speech sound contrasts is modulated by language context. Auditory mismatch negativity is known to reflect language experience. This study wants to clarify whether this effect is dependent on language context. We compared German subjects\' magnetic mismatch negativity in response to a non-native ...

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Neural correlates of the belief-bias effect in syllogistic reasoning: an event-related potential stu

June 28th, 2008
Neural correlates of the belief-bias effect in syllogistic reasoning: an event-related potential study. This study investigated electrophysiological correlates of belief-bias effects in syllogistic reasoning. Event-related brain potentials were recorded for minor premises with which participants were required to draw a logic conclusion during three conditions: the ...

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