Archive for May, 2008
Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Surface expression and distribution of voltage-gated potassium channels in neurons (Review).
The last decade has witnessed an exponential increase in interest in one of the great mysteries of nerve cell biology: Specifically, how do neurons know where to place the ion channels that control their excitability? ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Assembly and trafficking of P2X purinergic receptors (Review).
P2X receptors are cation selective ion channels gated by the binding of extracellular ATP. Seven subtypes have been identified and they have widespread and overlapping distributions throughout the body. They form homo- and heterotrimeric complexes that differ in ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Assembly and forward trafficking of NMDA receptors (Review).
N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a subclass of the excitatory, ionotropic L-glutamate neurotransmitter receptors. They are important for normal brain function being both primary candidates for the molecular basis of learning and memory and in the establishment of synaptic ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Assembly of GABA(A) receptors (Review).
GABA(A) receptors are the major inhibitory transmitter receptors in the central nervous system. They are chloride ion channels that can be opened by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and are the targets of action of a variety of pharmacologically and clinically important drugs. ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Trafficking of 5-HT(3) and GABA(A) receptors (Review).
The 5-HT(3) and GABA(A) receptors are members of the Cys-loop family of neurotransmitter-gated ion channels that also include receptors for glycine and acetylcholine. The 5-HT(3) and acetylcholine receptors (cationic ion channels) and the GABA(A) and glycine receptors (anionic ion ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Assembly and trafficking of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (Review).
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are members of an extensive super-family of neurotransmitter-gated ion channels. In humans, nAChRs are expressed within the nervous system and at the neuromuscular junction and are important targets for pharmaceutical drug discovery. They are ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
An overview of trafficking and assembly of neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels (Review).
Ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors and voltage-gated ion channels assemble from several homologous and non-homologous subunits. Assembly of these multimeric membrane proteins is a tightly controlled process subject to primary and secondary quality control mechanisms. ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Recombinant alpha-fetoprotein C-terminal fragment: The new recombinant vector for targeted delivery.
The specific receptor of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a universal tumor marker, being expressed on the surface of many tumor cells, but not in normal human tissues. AFP enters the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis; its receptor-binding ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Chloramphenicol-incorporated poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles: Formulation, characterization, technetium-99m labeling and biodistribution studies.
Chloramphenicol-loaded (CHL) poly-d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by emulsification solvent evaporation technique either by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as emulsion stabilizer or polysorbate-80 (PS-80) as surfactant and characterised by transmission electron microscopy, ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Enhanced mucosal and systemic immune response with squalane oil-containing multiple emulsions upon intranasal and oral administration in mice.
The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate squalane oil-containing water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsion for mucosal administration of ovalbumin (OVA) as a model candidate vaccine in ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
The release and analgesic activities of morphine and its ester prodrug, morphine propionate, formulated by water-in-oil nanoemulsions.
In this study, we examined the feasibility of water-in-oil (w/o) nanoemulsions as sustained-release systems for morphine, following subcutaneous administration in rats. The ester prodrug of morphine, morphine propionate (MPR), ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
PLGA microspheres for the delivery of a novel subunit TB vaccine.
Biodegradable poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres were prepared using a modified double emulsion solvent evaporation method for the delivery of the subunit tuberculosis vaccine (Ag85B-ESAT-6), a fusion protein of the immunodominant antigens 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6) ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Efficient in vivo gene transfection by stable DNA/PEI complexes coated by hyaluronic acid.
Plasmid DNA was mixed with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and hyaluronic acid (HA) to afford ternary complexes with negative surface charge regardless of the mixing order. They showed reduced non-specific interactions with blood components. When ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Folate-targeted etoposide-encapsulated lipid nanospheres.
Lipid nanospheres (LN) are simple colloidal drug delivery systems, which are proven to be useful for the systemic delivery of lipophilic anticancer drugs. Our previous work shows that the encapsulation of etoposide in LN improved the anticancer activity and a further inclusion ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Capture of magnetic carriers within large arteries using external magnetic fields.
Our overall research goal is to advance the safety and effectiveness of acute ischemic stroke therapy by improving the benefit/risk ratio of thrombolysis and hence, the long-term outcome of acute ischemic stroke victims. Our approach ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Chitosan-mediated orally delivered nucleic acids: A gutful of gene therapy.
Gene therapy is rapidly gaining its hold in preclinical drug evaluation. However, upfront, ease of administration and greater patient compliance should strictly drive research efforts for developing modes of gene delivery. It has been a decade ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Lung function and cytokine levels in professional athletes.
Objective. Previous studies have demonstrated that exercise-induced asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness commonly occur in athletes. The present study investigates pulmonary function and cytokine levels in professional athletes to explore the impact of various sports on respiratory system function ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Tolerance Mechanisms in Response to Antigens Responsible for Baker\'s Asthma in Different Exposed People.
Background. Baker\'s asthma is among the most common occupational disease. The risk factors and immune features that may be important as predictors of tolerance or development of the disease are not completely ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Self-reported home environmental risk factors for childhood asthma: a cross-sectional study of children in buffalo, new york.
We present prevalence estimates of indoor and outdoor environmental risk factors for asthma from a cross-sectional study of children 1to 17 years of age living in Buffalo, New York. ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Parental stress and childhood wheeze in a prospective cohort study.
Background. Although studies indicate that psychological stress is linked with asthma morbidity, it is unknown whether stress is associated with the incidence of asthma symptoms. Method. In a cohort of 5-to 6-year-old school children participating in ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Characterizing community-based asthma knowledge in chicago and its high risk neighborhoods.
The goal of this study was to characterize asthma knowledge in high risk neighborhoods compared to a random sample of residents in the Chicago area. The Chicago Community Asthma Survey-32 (CCAS-32) was administered to 1006 ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Birth-related exposures and asthma and allergy in adulthood: a population-based cross-sectional study of young adults in north staffordshire.
The rise in the prevalence of asthma and other allergic disorders over the past two decades has been well documented, yet this increase has still to be fully ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Early respiratory infections and asthma among new york city head start children.
Background. Respiratory infections in neonates have been found to predict wheeze among young children. We hypothesized that among preschool children from low-income minority communities in New York City, current asthma would be associated with ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Costs and resource use of mild persistent asthma patients initiated on controller therapy.
Background. The treatment of mild persistent asthma is controversial. Objectives. A retrospective database approach was used to evaluate different alternatives to treating mild persistent asthma. We hypothesized that treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Olfactory receptor gene polymorphisms and nonallergic vasomotor rhinitis.
We sought a genotype-phenotype association: between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in olfactory receptor (OR) genes from the two largest OR gene clusters and odor-triggered nonallergic vasomotor rhinitis (nVMR). In the initial pedigree screen, using transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) analysis, ...
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