Archive for May, 2008

Serum lipids regulate dendritic cell CD1 expression and function.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Serum lipids regulate dendritic cell CD1 expression and function. Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and play a vital role in stimulating naïve T cells. Treatment of human blood monocytes with the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-4 stimulates them to ...

Identification of two subpopulations of purified human blood B cells, CD27(-) CD23(+) and CD27(high)

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Identification of two subpopulations of purified human blood B cells, CD27(-) CD23(+) and CD27(high) CD80(+), that strongly express cell surface Toll-like receptor 9 and secrete high levels of interleukin-6. B-cell expression of certain Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is important in linking innate and adaptive immune responses in ...

Regulatory T-cell expansion and function do not account for the impaired alloreactivity of ex vivo-e

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Regulatory T-cell expansion and function do not account for the impaired alloreactivity of ex vivo-expanded T cells. CD3- and CD28-activated T cells expanded for 12 days ex vivo to produce suicide gene-modified T cells are hyporesponsive to alloantigens. To investigate whether this impaired alloreactivity is a ...

Widespread natural variation in murine natural killer T-cell number and function.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Widespread natural variation in murine natural killer T-cell number and function. Natural killer T (NKT) cells comprise a novel T-lymphocyte subset that can influence a wide variety of immune responses through their ability to secrete large amounts of a variety of cytokines. Although variation in NKT-cell ...

Lymphoid enhancer factor interacts with GATA-3 and controls its function in T helper type 2 cells.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Lymphoid enhancer factor interacts with GATA-3 and controls its function in T helper type 2 cells. GATA-3 is the master transcription factor for T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation and is critical for the expression of Th2 cytokines. Little is known, however, about the nature of ...

Deletion of PAX9 and oligodontia: a third family and review of the literature.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Deletion of PAX9 and oligodontia: a third family and review of the literature. Objective. This study was conducted to report a family affected by benign hereditary chorea in which a large deletion including TTF1, PAX9, and other genes was identified and results in oligodontia. Methods. Clinical ...

Diet and dental erosion in young people in south-east Brazil.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Diet and dental erosion in young people in south-east Brazil. Background. The regular consumption of acidic foods and drinks may be associated with dental erosion, and soft drink consumption appears to be increasing both in developed and developing countries. Dentists are aware that an acidic diet ...

Oral health research with children.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Oral health research with children. Background. There has been a shift towards research with children and the adoption of the concept of child-centred research. However, the majority of oral health research is conducted on children, rather than with them. Objective. This study aimed to provide an ...

Production of branched-chain aroma compounds by Propionibacterium freudenreichii: links with the bio

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Production of branched-chain aroma compounds by Propionibacterium freudenreichii: links with the biosynthesis of membrane fatty acids. Aims: Short branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are cheese flavour compounds, which result from the conversion of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). In Swiss cheese, the production of short BCFAs is mainly ...

Habitat-dependent song divergence at subspecies level in the grey-breasted wood-wren.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Habitat-dependent song divergence at subspecies level in the grey-breasted wood-wren. Song divergence among populations can theoretically lead to reproductive divergence and speciation. Despite many studies, this theory is still controversial. Habitat differences have been shown to shape songs, but few studies have looked for a link ...

Geographically variable selection in Ambystoma tigrinum virus (Iridoviridae) throughout the western

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Geographically variable selection in Ambystoma tigrinum virus (Iridoviridae) throughout the western USA. We investigated spatially variable selection in Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV) which causes frequent and geographically widespread epizootics of the tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum. To test for evidence of selection, we sequenced several coding and ...

Kinetics of (14)carbon dioxide excretion from (14)C-urea by oral commensal flora.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Kinetics of (14)carbon dioxide excretion from (14)C-urea by oral commensal flora. Background and Aim: Previous studies have shown that while performing the (14)C-urea breath test ((14)C-UBT) for the detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), there is possibility of false-positive results due to the other urease producing ...

Responses of human sling and clasp fibers to cholecystokinin (CKK) and gastrin through CCK receptors

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Responses of human sling and clasp fibers to cholecystokinin (CKK) and gastrin through CCK receptors. Background and Aim: Cholecystokinin (CKK) and gastrin exert their influences via CKK receptors. This research was conducted to look at the responses of the sling and clasp fibers forming the human ...

Novel tumor-ablation device for liver tumors utilizing heat energy generated under an alternating ma

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Novel tumor-ablation device for liver tumors utilizing heat energy generated under an alternating magnetic field. Background and Aims: We have developed a novel tumor-ablation device for liver tumors utilizing heat energy induced by magnesium ferrite (MgFe(2)O(4)) particles under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) produced by electric ...

Long-term prognosis of cirrhotics with an upper gastrointestinal bleeding episode: Does infection pl

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Long-term prognosis of cirrhotics with an upper gastrointestinal bleeding episode: Does infection play a role? Background and Aim: We evaluated the effect of infection on the short- and long-term outcome of cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), in a series of patients not submitted to ...

Artemisia asiatica extracts protect against ethanol-induced injury in gastric mucosa of rats.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Artemisia asiatica extracts protect against ethanol-induced injury in gastric mucosa of rats. Background and Aim: Based on our previous studies that Artemisia asiatica extracts exert either antioxidative or cytoprotective actions against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric mucosal injury, or imposes qualified ulcer healing in ...

Prevalence and risk factors of maladaptive behaviour in young children with Autistic Disorder.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Prevalence and risk factors of maladaptive behaviour in young children with Autistic Disorder. Background Children with Autistic Disorder (AD) evidence more co-occurring maladaptive behaviours than their typically developing peers and peers with intellectual disability because of other aetiologies. The present study investigated the prevalence of Clinically ...

The fragile X continuum: new advances and perspectives.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

The fragile X continuum: new advances and perspectives. Fragile X syndrome is the world\'s most common hereditary cause of intellectual disability in men and to a lesser extent in women. The disorder is caused by the silencing of a single gene on the X chromosome, the ...

Adults with intellectual disabilities: prevalence, incidence and remission of self-injurious behavio

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Adults with intellectual disabilities: prevalence, incidence and remission of self-injurious behaviour, and related factors. Background Self-injurious behaviour (SIB) is a serious condition, with implications for the person, their family and financial costs to the state providing care. The previously reported prevalence of SIB has ranged from ...

The use of melatonin to treat sleep disorder in adults with intellectual disabilities in community s

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

The use of melatonin to treat sleep disorder in adults with intellectual disabilities in community settings - the evaluation of three cases using actigraphy. Background Sleep disorders are known to be very prevalent in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) but to date there has been limited ...

A modified version of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II scales for cognitive matching of in

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

A modified version of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II scales for cognitive matching of infants with and without Down syndrome. Background Many measures of infants\' early cognitive development, including the BSID-II (The Bayley Scales of Infant Development), mix together test items that assess a number ...

Antiviral therapy of hepatitis C in chronic kidney diseases: meta-analysis of controlled clinical tr

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Antiviral therapy of hepatitis C in chronic kidney diseases: meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains frequent in patients with chronic kidney disease and the detrimental role of HCV on survival is well-established in this population. Several authors have reported on efficacy ...

Cryptic speciation in a Holarctic passerine revealed by genetic and bioacoustic analyses.

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Cryptic speciation in a Holarctic passerine revealed by genetic and bioacoustic analyses. There has been much controversy regarding the timing of speciation events in birds, and regarding the relative roles of natural and sexual selection in promoting speciation. Here, we investigate these issues using winter wrens ...

Reconstruction of the Sudden Oak Death epidemic in California through microsatellite analysis of the

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Reconstruction of the Sudden Oak Death epidemic in California through microsatellite analysis of the pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. The genetic structure of the clonally reproducing Sudden Oak Death (SOD) pathogen in California was investigated using seven variable microsatellites. A total of 35 multilocus genotypes were identified among ...

Outcrossing between an agroforestry plantation and remnant native populations of Eucalyptus loxophle

Thursday, May 1st, 2008

Outcrossing between an agroforestry plantation and remnant native populations of Eucalyptus loxophleba. Gene dispersal among populations of a species is an important force influencing their genetic structure. Dispersal may also occur between taxa that would normally be isolated when nonendemic, domesticated or transgenic species are planted ...

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