Archive for May, 2008
Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Memento of the post-mortem.
When the Department of Pathology of the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre in The Netherlands moved from its old to its new premises, the demolition of the marble post-mortem tables was impending, taking with it the Department\'s (physical) memory. To keep the ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Enhancing the understanding of earthworm feeding behaviour via the use of fatty acid delta(13)C values determined by gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry.
Litter-dwelling (epigeic) Lumbricus rubellus and soil-dwelling (endogeic) Allolobophora chlorotica earthworms were observed aggregating under C(3) (delta(13)C = -31.3 per thousand; delta(15)N = 10.7 per ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Large old trees influence patterns of delta(13)C and delta(15)N in forests.
Large old trees are the dominant primary producers of native pine forest, but their influence on spatial patterns of soil properties and potential feedback to tree regeneration in their neighbourhood is poorly understood. We measured ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Acute renal failure induced by bentazone: 2 case reports and a comprehensive review.
Bentazone is a herbicide widely used in the agrochemical field and acts by interference in photosynthesis in plants. Case reports of bentazone poisoning in humans are rare, but hepatorenal damage and death have ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Sickle cell kidney.
Acute kidney injury is a rather unusual complication of sickle cell disease. We report a case of acute intrarenal sickling, causing dialysis-dependent acute renal failure, that was diagnosed by nuclear medicine renal imaging.
Davenport A, Buscombe J.
Centre for Nephrology, Division of ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Association of physical activity with mortality in chronic kidney disease.
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important risk factor for all-cause mortality. In the general population, physical activity is associated with reduced mortality. We examined the association of level of physical activity with mortality in ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Intravenous iron without erythropoietin for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure and chronic kidney insufficiency.
Objectives: Iron deficiency anemia is a frequent finding in many patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). The purpose of this study was ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Ischemic acute renal failure in the rat: effects of L-arginine and superoxide dismutase on renal function.
Background: Regulation of renal hemodynamics - especially intraglomerular hemodynamics - is closely related to the l-arginine (L-Arg)/nitric oxide (NO) pathway, both under basal conditions and in acute renal failure (ARF). ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Pretransplant inflammation: a risk factor for delayed graft function?
Background: Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic acute kidney injury (IAKI). In this study, we hypothesize that transplant recipients with pretransplant inflammation may have a greater chance of developing delayed graft function (DGF), ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
An oral adsorbent, AST-120, combined with a low-protein diet and RAS blocker, for chronic kidney disease.
Background: A low-protein diet and treatment with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers can delay the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The oral adsorbent AST-120 (Kremezin) has a renoprotective effect by ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Effects of dermatan sulfate for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy.
Background: Dermatan sulfate (DS) is a natural glycosaminoglycan with a unique mechanism of action on the coagulation system. Unlike unfractionated heparin (UFH), DS selectively inhibits thrombin, does not inhibit factor Xa, is effective on both ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Body mass index and cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers in hemodialysis patients.
Background: Being overweight and obesity are associated with improved survival in hemodialysis (HD) patients, based on mechanisms that are presently uncertain. We compared traditional and uremia-related cardiovascular risk factors in HD patients stratified according ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
The first European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association CKD Anaemia Physician Behaviours Survey: key findings.
Anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Maintenance of stable hemoglobin (Hb) levels is necessary to effectively manage CKD anemia. The European ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Cigarette smoking and kidney dysfunction in diabetes mellitus.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease in the Western world. Smoking can also be seen as a powerful agent, although often underrated, able to induce renal damage and microvascular dysfunction ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure.
Traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity and metabolic syndrome, as well as additional nontraditional risk factors, can damage the kidney directly and by promoting intrarenal atherogenesis. Evidence indicates that increased oxidative stress and ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Are chronic dialysis patients at increased risk for cancer?
This review summarizes the plausible mechanisms of carcinogenesis, critically analyzes the literature on cancer risk and discusses issues of cancer screening in chronic dialysis patients. Despite conflicting results among various studies, there is sufficient evidence to conclude ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Uremic pruritus in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Skin itching (pruritus) affects 50%-90% of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and the symptoms range from localized and mild to generalized and severe. Among the dermatological abnormalities associated with end-stage renal disease, pruritus is the most prevalent. Of all ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
The middle-molecule hypothesis 30 years after: lost and rediscovered in the universe of uremic toxicity?
The present review gives an overview of the known and newly detected middle molecules and their biological potential. Since many middle molecules were shown to affect leukocyte, endothelial cell, smooth muscle ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Comparative studies of dialysis therapies should reflect real world decision-making.
The incidence and prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) continues to rise. While transplantation is the preferred therapy for kidney failure, there is a shortage of donor organs, and the majority of patients will be treated ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
Better understanding of ADPKD results in potential new treatment options: ready for the cure?
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common hereditary disorders. It accounts for 6% of the incidence of end-stage renal disease in Europe. Over the last decade, knowledge ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
[Can telemedicine re-establish geographic equity in the treatment of acute stroke?]
INTRODUCTION. In acute stroke patients, urgent expert neurologic evaluation and thrombolytic treatment within the first hours alter onset are the only proven effective therapeutic measures. Patients living far from large hospitals do not have access ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
[Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome.]
INTRODUCTION. Narcolepsy is a disabling sleep disorder that is characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness and abnormal manifestations in REM (rapid eye movement) sleep that include, among other symptoms, cataplexy (the sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
[Learning and implicit memory: mechanisms and neuroplasticity.]
INTRODUCTION. Learning and memory are complex processes that researchers have been attempting to unravel for over a century in order to gain a clear view of the underlying mechanisms. AIMS. To review the basic cellular and molecular mechanisms involved ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
[Idiopathic spinal epidural hematoma in patients with sudden paraplegia: a case report.]
INTRODUCTION. Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) represents 0.3-0.9% of spinal epidural space-occupying lesions, and most surgeons advocate aggressive and early surgical intervention. In this paper we describe a patient with SEH with sudden paraplegia. ...
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Thursday, May 1st, 2008
[Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy due to valproic acid.]
INTRODUCTION. One of the less frequent idiosyncratic side effects of valproic acid (VPA) is encephalopathy. Here we report one case. CASE REPORT. An 83-year-old female with no relevant past history, who received treatment with VPA following a post-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage ...
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