Archive for March, 2008
Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Cyclic AMP Responsive Element Binding Protein Phosphorylation is Required but not Sufficient for Activation of CRH Transcription.
Cyclic AMP is a major regulator of corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) transcription. However, receptors activating CRH neurons (alpha-adrenergic and glutamaergic) do not signal through cAMP, suggesting that calcium-phospholipid-dependent signaling ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Elocalcitol inhibits inflammatory responses in human thyroid cells and T cells.
Th1 cell-mediated inflammatory responses predominate in the early pathogenesis of Graves\' disease (GD), whereas Th2 cell-mediated immunity may play a role in later stages. The chemokine CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 are expressed in most ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Estrogen Inhibits Cardiac Hypertrophy: Role of Estrogen Receptor Beta to Inhibit Calcineurin.
Estrogen has been reported to prevent development of cardiac hypertrophy in female rodent models and in humans. However, the mechanisms of sex steroid action are incompletely understood. We determined the cellular effects by which ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Bioinformatics analysis of targeted metabolomics - uncovering old and new tales of diabetic mice under medication.
Metabolomics is a powerful tool for identifying both known and new disease-related perturbations in metabolic pathways. In preclinical drug testing, it has a high potential for early identification of drug ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Medicare from A to D: What Every Nephrologist Needs to Know.
Morrison L.
Legacy Transplant Services, Legacy Good Samaritan Hospital, Portland, Oregon.
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Measuring Plasma Conductivity to Detect Sodium Load in Hemodialysis Patients.
BACKGROUND: Sodium thiosulfate therapy has been proposed for calcific uremic arteriolopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in hemodialysis patients. The treatment brings 3.7 g (161 mmol) of sodium. How to counterbalance this sodium load was studied. DESIGN, ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Higher Levels of Leflunomide Are Associated with Hemolysis and Are not Superior to Lower Levels for BK Virus Clearance in Renal Transplant Patients.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Leflunomide use in renal transplantation has been increasing. Outcome correlation and safety data are still to be refined. The goals ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
The Challenge of Sudden Death in Dialysis Patients.
Ritz E, Wanner C.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Diverse driving forces underlie the invariant occurrence of the T42A, E139D, I282V and T468M SHP2 amino acid substitutions causing Noonan and LEOPARD syndromes.
Missense PTPN11 mutations cause Noonan and LEOPARD syndromes (NS and LS), two developmental disorders with pleiomorphic phenotypes. PTPN11 encodes SHP2, an SH2 domain-containing ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Missense mutations in the forkhead domain of FOXL2 lead to subcellular mislocalisation, protein aggregation and impaired transactivation.
Mutations of the FOXL2 gene have been shown tocause blepharophimosis syndrome (BPES), characterised by an eyelid malformation associated with premature ovarian failure or not. Recently, polyalanine expansions and truncating ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Recent developments in the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program.
The accuracy and scalability of multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of DNAs and proteins have long been and are still important issues in bioinformatics. To rapidly construct a reasonable MSA, we developed the initial version of the MAFFT ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Phenotypical characteristics of idiopathic infantile nystagmus with and without mutations in FRMD7.
Idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) consists of involuntary oscillations of the eyes. The familial form is most commonly X-linked. We recently found mutations in a novel gene FRMD7 (Xq26.2), which provided an opportunity to investigate ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Dorsomedial SCN neuronal subpopulations subserve different functions in human dementia.
The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) are necessary and sufficient for the maintenance of circadian rhythms in primate and other mammalian species. The human dorsomedial SCN contains populations of non-species-specific vasopressin and species-specific neurotensin neurons. We made time-series ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Cerebellar growth and behavioural & neuropsychological outcome in preterm adolescents.
Adolescence is a time of social and cognitive development associated with changes in brain structure and function. These developmental changes may show an altered path in individuals born before 33 weeks\' gestation (very preterm; VPT). The ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Functional contributions of synaptically localized NR2B subunits of the NMDA receptor to synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation in the adult mouse CNS.
The NMDA-type glutamate receptor is a heteromeric complex composed of the NR1 and at least one of NR2 subunits. Switching from the NR2B to ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Selective regulation of spontaneous activity of neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei by N-type calcium channels in juvenile rats.
The cerebellum coordinates movement and maintains body posture. The main output of the cerebellum is formed by three deep nuclei, which receive direct inhibitory inputs from cerebellar ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Brainstem modulation of evoked locomotion in the neonatal mouse spinal cord.
During development, descending projections to the spinal cord are immature. Available data suggests that even though these projections are not fully formed, they contribute to activation of spinal circuitry and promote development of network function. ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Slow- and fast-twitch rat hind limb skeletal muscle phenotypes 8 months after spinal cord transection and olfactory ensheathing glia transplantation.
Paralyzed skeletal muscle of rats with spinal cord injury (SCI) undergoes atrophy and a switch in gene expression pattern which leads to faster, more fatigable phenotypes. ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Restrictions in systemic and locomotor skeletal muscle perfusion, oxygen supply and VO2 during high-intensity whole-body exercise in humans.
Perfusion to exercising skeletal muscle is regulated to match O2 delivery to the O2 demand, but this regulation might be compromised during or approaching maximal whole-body exercise as ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
AMP-activated protein kinase signalling pathways are down regulated and skeletal muscle development impaired in fetuses of obese, overnourished sheep.
Maternal obesity and over-nutrition give rise to both obstetric problems and neonatal morbidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of maternal obesity and over-nutrition ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Physiological properties of human diaphragm muscle fibres and the effect of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
The contractile and actomyosin ATPase properties of single fibres were examined in human diaphragm muscle obtained from patients with and without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Costal diaphragm biopsies were taken ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
20-HETE increases RSNA via activation of chemically and mechanically sensitive muscle afferents.
Arachidonic acid and its metabolites produced via cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase pathways have been reported to contribute to the cardiovascular reflexes evoked by stimulating thin fiber muscle afferents during muscle contraction. 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Charges dispersed over the permeation pathway determine the charge selectivity and conductance of a Cx32 chimeric hemichannel.
Previous studies have shown that charge substitutions in the amino terminus of a chimeric connexin, Cx32*43E1, which forms unapposed hemichannels in Xenopus oocytes, can result in a three fold ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
A technique for simultaneous measurement of Ca2+, FRET fluorescence, and force in intact mouse small arteries.
FRET-based biosensor molecules are powerful tools to reveal specific molecular interactions in cells. Typically however, they are used in cultured cells that (inevitably) express different genes than their counterparts in ...
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Saturday, March 29th, 2008
Mitochondria, oxidative stress and PARP-1 network: a new target for neuroprotective effects of tetracyclines?
Mitochondria, oxidative stress and PARP-1 network: a new target for neuroprotective effects of tetracyclines?
Orsucci D, Mancuso M, Siciliano G.
Department of Neuroscience, Neurological Clinic, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, ...
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