Archive for the ‘researches 3’ Category
Sunday, March 16th, 2008
A Regulatory Role of the Rnq1 Non-Prion Domain for Prion Propagation and Polyglutamine Aggregates.
Prions are infectious, self-propagating protein conformations. Rnq1 is required for the yeast prion [PIN(+)], which is necessary for the de novo induction of a second prion, [PSI(+)]. Here we isolate a [PSI(+)]-eliminating ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Activator-to-repressor conversion of T-box transcription factors by the Ripply family of Groucho/TLE-associated mediators.
The T-box family of transcription factors, defined by a conserved DNA binding domain called the T-box, regulates various aspects of embryogenesis by activating and/or repressing downstream genes. In spite of the biological significance ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Multifactorial interplay controls the splicing profile of Alu derived exons.
Exonization of Alu elements creates primate-specific genomic diversity. Here we combine bioinformatic and experimental methodologies to reconstruct the molecular changes leading to exon selection. Our analyses revealed an intricate network involved in Alu exonization. A typical ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
SWI/SNF Mediates Polycomb Eviction and Epigenetic Reprogramming of the INK4b-ARF-INK4a Locus.
Stable silencing of the INK4b-ARF-INK4a tumor suppressor locus occurs in a variety of human cancers, including malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs). MRTs are extremely aggressive cancers, caused by the loss of the hSNF5 subunit of the ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Interleukin-1 stimulates glutamate uptake in glial cells by accelerating membrane trafficking of Na+/K+-ATPase via actin depolymerization.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a mediator of brain injury induced by ischemia, trauma, and chronic neurodegenerative disease. IL-1 also has a protective role by preventing neuronal cell death from glutamate neurotoxicity. ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
NELF and GAGA factor are linked to promoter proximal pausing at many genes in Drosophila.
Recent analyses of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) reveals that Pol II is concentrated at the promoters of many active and inactive genes. NELF causes Pol II to pause in the ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Involvement of Actinin-4 in the Recruitment of JRAB/MICAL-L2 to Cell-Cell Junctions and the Formation of Functional Tight Junctions.
Tight junctions (TJs) are cell-cell adhesive structures that undergo continuous remodeling. We previously demonstrated that Rab13 and a junctional Rab13-binding protein (JRAB)/molecule interacting with CasL-like 2 (MICAL-L2) localized ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Rhythmic SAF-A binding underlies circadian transcription of the Bmal1 gene.
Although Bmal1 is a key component of the mammalian clock system, little is understood about the actual mechanism of circadian Bmal1 gene transcription, particularly at the chromatin level. Here we discovered a unique chromatin structure within ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Cdc1p is an ER-localized Putative Lipid Phosphatase that Affects Golgi Inheritance and Actin Polarization by Activating Ca2+ Signaling.
In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutations in the essential gene CDC1 cause defects in Golgi inheritance and actin polarization. However, the biochemical function of Cdc1p is unknown. ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Transcription regulation of rRNA gene by a multi-functional nucleolar protein, B23/nucleophosmin through its histone chaperone activity.
It is well established that the transcription rate of the rRNA gene is closely associated with profound alterations in the cell growth rate. Regulation of the rRNA gene transcription is ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
ETO, but not leukemogenic fusion protein AML1/ETO, augments RBP-J{kappa}/SHARP-mediated repression of Notch target genes.
Notch is a transmembrane receptor that determines cell fates and pattern formation in all animal species. After specific ligand binding, the intracellular part of Notch is cleaved off and translocates to the ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
HDAC inhibitor depsipeptide activates silenced genes through decreasing both CpG and H3K9 methylation on the promoter.
Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has been shown to demethylate mammalian genome, which further strengthens the concept that DNA methylation and histone modifications interact in regulation of gene expression. Here, we ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Histone Deacetylase 4 Confers CaM Kinase II Responsiveness to Histone Deacetylase 5 by Oligomerization.
Calcium, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylates histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4), a class IIa HDAC, resulting in cytosolic accumulation of HDAC4 and de-repression of the MEF2 transcription factor. Phosphorylation by CaMKII requires ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
MURC, a muscle-restricted coiled-coil protein that modulates the Rho/ROCK pathway, induces cardiac dysfunction and conduction disturbance.
We identified a novel muscle-restricted putative coiled-coil protein, MURC, which is evolutionarily conserved from frog to human. MURC was localized to the cytoplasm with accumulation in the Z-line of the ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
FGFR2 phosphorylation on Serine 779 couples to 14-3-3 and regulates cell survival and proliferation.
The fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) exert their diverse (or pleiotropic) biological responses through the binding and activation of specific cell surface receptors (FGFRs). While FGFRs are known to initiate intracellular signaling through ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
DEK is a poly(ADP-ribose)-acceptor in apoptosis and mediates resistance to genotoxic stress.
DEK is a nuclear phosphoprotein implicated in oncogenesis and autoimmunity and a major component of metazoan chromatin. The intracellular cues that control DEK\'s binding to DNA and its pleiotropic functions in DNA- and RNA-dependent ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Nischarin inhibits LIM Kinase to regulate Cofilin phosphorylation and Cell Invasion.
Nischarin is a novel protein that regulates cell migration by inhibiting p21 activated kinase (PAK). LIM kinase (LIMK) is a downstream effector of PAK, and it is known to play an important role in cell ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Common variants in MODY genes and future risk of type 2 diabetes.
Objective: Mutations in the HNF-1alpha, HNF-4alpha, GCK and HNF-1beta genes cause Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY), but it is not known whether common variants in these genes predict future type 2 diabetes ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Identification of tyrosine posphatase 2(256-760) construct as a new, sensitive marker for the detection of islet autoimmunity in type 2 diabetic patients (NIRAD Study 2).
Objective: The presence of autoantibodies to islet antigens GAD and/or IA-2 in type 2 diabetic patients identifies those subjects (LADA) at ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Beta-cell dysfunction in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and early type 2 diabetes. Comparison of surrogate markers with first phase insulin secretion from an intravenous glucose tolerance test.
Objective: Methods to assess beta-cell function in clinical studies are limited. The aim of the current study was ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Sequencing-based genotyping and association analysis of the MICA and MICB genes in type 1 diabetes.
Objective: The non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain related molecules (MIC), encoded within the MHC, function in immunity. The transmembrane polymorphism in MICA (MICA-STR) has been reported to be ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Kinin B1 receptor deficiency leads to leptin hypersensitivity and resistance to obesity.
Objective: Kinins mediate pathophysiological processes related to hypertension, pain and inflammation through the activation of two G protein-coupled receptors, named B(1) and B(2). Although these peptides have been related to glucose homeostasis, their effects ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Retinal and Cerebral Microvascular Signs and Diabetes: The Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study.
Objective: Diabetes increases the risk for microvascular disease. The retina and the brain both have intricate microvascular systems that are developmentally similar. Here, we seek to examine whether microvascular lesions in the retina and ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Central nervous system neuropeptide Y signaling modulates VLDL triglyceride secretion.
Objective: Elevated triglyceride (TG) is the major plasma lipid abnormality in obese and diabetic patients and contributes to cardiovascular morbidity in these disorders. We sought to identify novel mechanisms leading to hypertriglyceridemia. Resistance to negative feedback ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Haptoglobin genotype: a determinant of cardiovascular complication risk in type 1 diabetes.
Objective: Haptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma protein that binds free hemoglobin, thereby inhibiting hemoglobin-induced oxidative damage. We investigated the association between the Hp genotype and the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a ...
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