Archive for the ‘researches 4’ Category
Sunday, March 16th, 2008
New directions in library design and analysis.
The high costs associated with high-throughput screening (HTS) coupled with the limited coverage and bias of current screening collections is such that diversity analysis continues to be an important criterion in lead generation. Whereas early approaches to diversity analysis ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Two nucleotide substitutions in the A-site of yeast 18S rRNA affect translation and differentiate the interaction of ribosomes with aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Two mutations in the A-site of 18S rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated. The first, A1491G (rdn15), creates in yeast the same C1409-G1491 base pair ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
DNA triple helices: Biological consequences and therapeutic potential.
DNA structure is a critical element in determining its function. The DNA molecule is capable of adopting a variety of non-canonical structures, including three-stranded (i.e. triplex) structures, which will be the focus of this review. The ability to ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
In vivo veritas: Using yeast to probe the biological functions of G-quadruplexes.
Certain guanine-rich sequences are capable of forming higher order structures known as G-quadruplexes. Moreover, particular genomic regions in a number of highly divergent organisms are enriched for such sequences, raising the possibility that G-quadruplexes ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Computational design and evolution of the oscillatory response under light-dark cycles.
Circadian clocks are biological systems behaving as oscillators even in constant dark conditions. We propose to use a new strategy based on computational design to provide evidence on the origin and evolution of molecular clocks. ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Molecular crowding effects on structure and stability of DNA.
Living cells contain a variety of biomolecules including nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, and metabolites as well as other soluble and insoluble components. These biomolecules occupy a significant fraction (20-40%) of the cellular volume. The total concentration of ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Localized cytosolic alkalization and its functional impact in ciliary cells.
Using confocal microscopy we demonstrate that ciliary cells from airway epithelium maintain two qualitatively distinct cytosolic regions in terms of pH regulation. While the bulk of the cytosol is stringently buffered and is virtually insensitive to ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Thioredoxins and glutaredoxins as facilitators of protein folding.
Thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase systems of bacterial cytoplasm and eukaryotic cytosol favor reducing conditions and protein thiol groups, while bacterial periplasm and eukaryotic endoplasmatic reticulum provide oxidizing conditions and a machinery for disulfide bond formation in the secretory pathway. Oxidoreductases ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Inhibitory profile of a LEDGF/p75 peptide against HIV-1 integrase: Insight into integrase-DNA complex formation and catalysis.
A lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF)/p75 peptide was evaluated for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase (IN) inhibitory activity. The LEDGF/p75 peptide modestly inhibited IN catalysis and was dependent on ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Identification of new tyrosine phosphorylated proteins in rat brain mitochondria.
Reversible protein-phosphorylation is emerging as a key player in the regulation of mitochondrial functions. In particular tyrosine phosphorylation represents a promising field to highlight new mechanisms of bioenergetic regulation. Utilizing immunoaffinity enrichment of phosphotyrosine-containing peptides coupled ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
N-terminal cysteinyl proteins can be prepared using thrombin cleavage.
Expressed protein ligation - which allows native proteins to be selectively linked together by a normal peptide bond in an aqueous environment - has emerged as a powerful technique. The technique requires the formation of a C-terminal ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Spectroelectrochemistry of P700 in native photosystem I particles and diethyl ether-treated thylakoid membranes from spinach and Thermosynechococcus elongatus.
The redox potentials (E( composite function\')) of P700 in intact and diethyl ether-treated thylakoid membranes as well as native photosystem (PS) I particles from spinach and Thermosynechococcus elongatus ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
TTLL10 is a protein polyglycylase that can modify nucleosome assembly protein 1.
Certain proteins can undergo polyglycylation and polyglutamylation. Polyglutamylases have recently been identified in a family of tubulin tyrosine ligase-like (TTLL) proteins. However, no polyglycylase (glycine ligase) has yet been reported. Here we identify a ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
RN181, a novel ubiquitin E3 ligase that interacts with the KVGFFKR motif of platelet integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3).
We previously identified proteins that bind with high affinity to a peptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic regulatory domain (KVGFFKR) of the platelet-specific integrin alpha(IIb). These included a hypothetical protein termed ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Molecular investigations of a novel iduronate-2-sulfatase mutant in a Chinese patient.
BACKGROUND: Molecular investigations of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) mutants for the X-linked lysosomal storage disease mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II, Hunter disease), commonly depends on transient expression studies to verify a single nucleotide change to be pathogenic. ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
The PHY domain is required for conformational stability and spectral integrity of the bacteriophytochrome from Deinococcus radiodurans.
Bacteriophytochrome from Deinococcus radiodurans (DrBphP) is a plant phytochrome homolog. To investigate the interaction of chromophore and protein structure, we purified recombinant DrBphP and performed biochemical analyses. Differences of ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
TRPV1 mediates cell death in rat synovial fibroblasts through calcium entry-dependent ROS production and mitochondrial depolarization.
Synoviocyte hyperplasia is critical for rheumatoid arthritis, therefore, potentially an important target for therapeutics. It was found in this work that a TRPV1 agonist capsaicin, and acidic solution (pH 5.5) ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Effects on capacitance by overexpression of membrane proteins.
Functional Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) overexpression of about 10(4)channels/mum(2) in the plasma membrane of HEK293 cells was studied by patch-clamp and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Simultaneous electrorotation measurements revealed that ChR2 expression was accompanied by a marked increase of the area-specific ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Ionizing radiation downregulates ASPM, a gene responsible for microcephaly in humans.
Microcephaly is a malformation associated with in utero exposed atomic bomb survivors and can be induced in mice by fetal exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). The pathogenesis of IR-induced microcephaly, however, has not been fully ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Investigating complexity of protein-protein interactions in focal adhesions.
The formation of focal adhesions governs cell shape and function; however, there are few measurements of the binding kinetics of focal adhesion proteins in living cells. Here, we used the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique, combined with ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Claspin is phosphorylated in the Chk1-binding domain by kinase distinct from Chk1.
Chk1 protein kinase plays a critical role in checkpoints that restrict progression through the cell cycle if DNA replication has not been completed or DNA damage has been sustained. ATR-dependent activation of Chk1 is ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Fast skeletal muscle troponin I is a co-activator of estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha.
ERRalpha (estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. To further our understanding of the detailed molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation by ERRalpha, we searched for ERRalpha-interacting proteins using ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Skeletal muscle Kv7 (KCNQ) channels in myoblast differentiation and proliferation.
Voltage-dependent K(+) channels (Kv) are involved in myocyte proliferation and differentiation by triggering changes in membrane potential and regulating cell volume. Since Kv7 channels may participate in these events, the purpose of this study was to ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
The novel gene AngRem104 downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression and activates NF-kappaB in human mesangial cells.
AngRem104 [angiotensin II (Ang II)-related genes in human mesangial cells (MCs), clone104], a novel gene in human MCs induced by Ang II, was previously identified in human MCs and found to ...
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Sunday, March 16th, 2008
Common marmoset embryonic stem cell can differentiate into cardiomyocytes.
Common marmoset monkeys have recently attracted much attention as a primate research model, and are preferred to rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys due to their small bodies, easy handling and efficient breeding. We recently reported the establishment of ...
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